Грамматика английского языка



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Lisicina Grammatika angl azika


part 
of a compound 
verbal predicate
 
• 
They were seen leaving the room. 
• 
The students were heard discussing a new film. 
• 
Peter was found working in the garden. 
• 
They were kept waiting. 
Их заставили ждать. 
VI. Participial 
phrase as paren-
thesis 
• 
Roughly speaking 
- приблизительно, примерно, грубо говоря, на глаз, ориентировочно 
• 
Generally speaking, they’re a pretty friendly bunch of people. 
• 
Judging from what critics say, this new play is worth seeing. 
 
◄► 2. Summary of Functions of Participle II ◄► 
 
Function Example 
I. an attribute 
• 
The story published in the newspaper interested us greatly. 
• 
Children  introduced to music early develop strong intellec-
tual skills. 
• 
Some roads were blocked by fallen trees. 
• 
A bird had a broken wing. 
• 
Seen now, in broad daylight, she looked tall, fair and shapely. 
II. an adverbial 
modifier 
a) of time 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
• 
He spoke when spoken to. 
• 
When told to go, Maxwell hesitated at the door. 
• 
She won’t stop arguing until interrupted. 
• 
When heated, the metal expands. 
Когда метал нагревают, он расширя-
ется. 
• 
The car was stolen while parked in the street.
 
 
• 
Any animal will turn away if looked steadily in the eye. 



 
b) of condition 
 
 
 
 
c) of comparison 
 
 
d) of concession 
 
 
 
 
e) of cause
  
• 
If given time, he will make the first-class chess player. 
• 
Unless  delivered  immediately, the letter  will lose its impor-
tance. 
 
• 
He kept silent as if puzzled by my behaviour. 
• 
He stopped as if struck by some new idea. 
 
• 
Though tired, he tried to smile. 
• 
Though greatly impressed by the story, he didn’t utter a word. 
• 
Though ordered two weeks ago, the books haven’t been deli-
vered yet. 
 
• 
He fell asleep exhausted by his journey.  
III. a predicative 
• 
The place looked deserted, quite untouched. 
• 
His tone became even more worried and somber 
(грустный)

• 
The book-cover is torn. 
Переплет книги разорван.
 
IV. part of a 
complex object 
• 
I have heard that melody played a lot of times. 
• 
I have never heard him spoken of badly. 
• 
They found the treasure hidden in a cellar. 
• 
I want it done tomorrow. 
• 
Arriving at the airport, he went to have his luggage registered. 
• 
I’d like my TV set fixed. 
V. part of a com-
plex subject/ part 
of a compound 
verbal predicate 
• 
 Many houses were seen damaged. 
• 
The door was found locked. 
• 
The picture was considered stolen. 
VI. Participial 
phrase as parenthe-
sis 
• 
It wasn’t a bad show, all things considered.
 (принимая всё во вни-
мание, в конечном счёте)
 
 

Predicative Constructions with the Participle 
 
 
◄► 3. The Objective Participial Construction ◄► 
 
Function: Complex Object 
(A) 
The Objective 

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