1. Неліктен Солтүстік Ирландияның ауа-райы жылдың барлық уақытында салыстырмалы түрде болжау мүмкін емес деп ойлайсыз?
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In England, the climate is temperate and influenced by the ocean, and it's cool for most of the year. Rainfall is more abundant in the western part: it exceeds 800 millimeters (31 inches) per year in Liverpool and Manchester, while it reaches 1,000 mm (40 in) in the south-west, in Plymouth. In the north-west, in Cumbria, the Lake District (see Ambleside), where there are hills that force wet Atlantic air masses to rise (including Scafell Pike, England's highest mountain, 978 meters or 3,209 feet), is particularly rainy. In Seathwaite, the rainiest inhabited place in England, 3,550 mm (140 in) of rain fall per year, while in Sprinkling Tarn, a pond at 600 meters of altitude, it reaches 5,000 mm (195 in). In the eastern and southern plains, the rains are still quite frequent but they are not abundant, so much so that they often drop below 700 mm (27.5 in) per year, and sometimes even 600 mm (23.5 in), as happens in Ipswich and Cambridge, in the south-east, or in Middlesbrough and Sunderland, which are in the north-east, east of the Pennine Chain. Fog can be formed in the inland areas of England at night, in periods in which a high pressure system dominates, in autumn and winter. Instead, from April to September, sea fog can form on the north-eastern coasts, in Yorkshire and Northumberland. Winter in England is cold and cloudy, sometimes foggy, sometimes windy. The average temperatures in this season don't vary much from north to south: in January, they are around 3/4 °C (37/39 °F) in the north (see Newcastle, Middlesbrough, Sunderland), around 4/5 °C (39/41 °F) in che center-south (see Liverpool, Manchester, Birmingham, London), and around 5,5/6 °C (42/43) in the far south (see Southampton, Brighton). In fact, the southernmost regions are the farthest from the Pole, but they are also the closest to the European mainland, from which cold air masses of Russian origin can arrive during winter. For this reason, the east side (which includes London) is also more prone to snowfall. However, these snowy or freezing periods are typically short-lived; in fact, here too, as in Scotland, the westerlies tend to come back after a short time. Given that cold air masses reach Scotland from the north and England from the east, it's not surprising that, in addition to West Wales, the mildest area is south-western England (Devon and Cornwall), where the average temperature in January and February hovers around 6.5 °C (43.5 °F, see Plymouth). Here, snowfalls and frosts are rare. On the tip of Cornwall, on the Isles of Scilly and the islets of the English Channel (see Jersey, Guernsey), there are microclimates in which the absence of frost allows for the growth of subtropical plant species. On the other hand, in the south-west, which is so much exposed to Atlantic currents, rainfall is more abundant. Spring in England is very cool, and the temperature increases slowly; rainfall is still frequent, but it's not as abundant as in autumn and winter. In March, and sometimes even in April, there may be cold periods, with occasional snowfalls, more likely in inland and northern areas. Late spring is the sunniest period of the year, despite the almost daily presence of clouds; the wind also reduces its intensity and frequency. In May, the country is covered with flowers. 2. The Londoner really cares which governing body controls which park. The pleasure of a park is the park itself. Millions of words in books, magazines and newspapers have been written about London's parks. Because it would be impossible to describe all London's parks in this short reading passage, we will concentrate on one—London's newest park, called Burgess Park. Many people consider Burgess Park to be the most unusual park in the world. Most agree that only in London could such a park be created. You do not come to Burgess Park for its natural beauty. If you want beauty, you would do better to go to St James's Park, Regent's Park or Kensington Gardens. If you want open space, you should go to Richmond Park. If you want trees, you should go to Epping Forest. If you want history, you should go to Greenwich Park or Hampton Court. If you want literary associations, you should go to Hampstead, home of the poet Keats as well as many of today's best-known writers. If, however, you want to visit London's first ecological park, then Burgess Park is the place for you. Founded in 1977, its creation has been entirely different from the setting up of London's other parks. While other parks have tried over the centuries to save their open spaces from the advance of housing estates, Burgess Park has created a park where there was no open parkland by demolishing (paзpyшениe) all the existing buildings. No one, anywhere in the world, has ever bulldozed an urban landscape on such a scale (уровень, масштаб) before, just to produce an area of open space. If you are interested in seeing a park in the making, a park bringing nature to the city dweller for serious study or simple enjoyment, make a visit to Burgess Park 3. The four national languages of Switzerlandare German, French, Italian, and Romansh.[5]German, French, and Italian maintain equal status as official languages at the national level within the Federal Administration of the Swiss Confederation, while Romansh is used in dealings with people who speak it.[6] Latin is occasionally used in some formal contexts, particularly to denote the country (Confederatio Helvetica). In 2020, 62.3% of the population of Switzerland were native speakers of German (either Swiss German or Standard German) at home; 22.8% French (mostly Swiss French, but including some Franco-Provençal dialects); 8% Italian (mostly Swiss Italian, but including Lombard); and 0.5% Romansh.[8] The German region (Deutschschweiz) is roughly in the east, north, and centre; the French part (la Romandie) in the west; and the Italian area (Svizzera italiana) in the south. There remains a small Romansh-speaking native population in Grisons in the east. The cantons of Fribourg, Bern, and Valaisare officially bilingual; Grisons is officially trilingual. The German-speaking part of Switzerland (German: Deutschschweiz, French: Suisse alémanique, Italian: Svizzera tedesca, Romansh: Svizra tudestga) constitutes about 65% of Switzerland (North Western Switzerland, Eastern Switzerland, Central Switzerland, most of the Swiss Plateau and the greater part of the Swiss Alps). In seventeen of the Swiss cantons, German is the only official language (Aargau, Appenzell Ausserrhoden, Appenzell Innerrhoden, Basel-Stadt, Basel-Landschaft, Glarus, Luzern, Nidwalden, Obwalden, Schaffhausen, Schwyz, Solothurn, St. Gallen, Thurgau, Uri, Zug, and Zürich).[10] In the cantons of Bern, Fribourg and Valais, French is co-official; in the trilingual canton of Graubünden, more than half of the population speaks German, while the rest speak Romanshor Italian. In each case, all languages are official languages of the respective canton. While the French-speaking Swiss prefer to call themselves Romands and their part of the country is the Romandy, the German-speaking Swiss used to (and, colloquially, still do) refer to the French-speaking Swiss as "Welsche", and to their area as Welschland, which has the same etymology as the English Welsh (see Walha).[citation needed] In Germany, Welsch and Welschland refer to Italy; there, the term is antiquated, rarely used, and somewhat disparaging.[citation needed] Research shows that individuals with a French-sounding name in the German-speaking part suffer from social discrimination.[11][12] Nevertheless, in 2017, 11.1%, or about 920,600 of the Swiss residents speak Standard German("Hochdeutsch") at home, but this statistic is probably mainly due to German (and Austrian) immigrants.[ жүктеу/скачать 36,45 Kb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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