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PUBLIC RELATIONS IN GREAT BRITAIN
The concept of public relations as a distinct branch of communications is
comparatively recent, though the practice is of course ancient. Any organization
wants to present itself to the public in the best possible light. Government
departments and transport undertakings – particularly the Post Office and
London Transport – were among the first to tackle this form of self-presentation.
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The Post Office in the 1930s made several excellent films as a public
relations exercise, the most famous (and still a classic) being Night Mail,
directed by Harry Watt and Basil Wright with a script by W.H. Auden and
music by Benjamin Britten. London Transport led the way with its excellent
graphics and directional signs designed by Edward Johnston for Frank Pick, and
a series of posters of uniquely high standard.
Today public relations embraces all these visual and practical aspects of a
company's public 'image', and also controls the relations between the company
and the press and television. Where a company takes its public relations
seriously and where the department has direct access to the highest decision-
making strata of the company at Board level, public relations may be useful.
Where the public relations department is a comparatively minor outpost, a front-
line pillbox to warn the company of imminent attack by predatory inquirers,
public relations is useless and indeed-dangerous, since it confirms the view of
many journalists that public relations officers ('PROs') are mere whitewashing
agents paid to disguise what is really happening.
The public relations officer must work out the best way of introducing his
company or organization usefully to the media. This maybe by means of
handouts – circulars sent through the post – or printed publicity material; by
special events such as press conferences or receptions; or on a more personal
level by introducing the company's executives to journalists, sometimes over
lunch. Not all the most successful PROs work over substantial expense-account
lunches, though; and many journalists are sceptical of this form of softening-up,
however readily they may accept a good lunch.
It is for each PRO to determine what is the best and most cost-effective
method of communicating his company's interests. This presupposes that the
initiative comes from the PRO.
The other function of public relations departments is to answer queries
from the press and television. This is almost more important than the previously
mentioned approaches. If a public relations department earns a reputation for
finding the answers to press queries swiftly, effectively and accurately, and
presenting them in a form that is usable by the media, then what that department
says is likely to be believed, trusted and used. If, on the other hand (as too often
happens), a public relations department treats press and television inquiries as
tedious interruptions in the day's work, to be dealt with casually and at whatever
space may suit the PRO, then the department will earn a reputation for
awkwardness and must not be surprised if journalists are constantly trying to get
into touch with the company bosses direct.
(From
«Journalism Made Simple» by
David Wainwright)
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