Е. В. Дмитриева
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- A NEW ERA FOR AIRCRAFT
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Speak about: 1. Public transport of the future. 2. The application of electronics in modern cars. TEXT 12 ●Прочитайте и переведите текст. A NEW ERA FOR AIRCRAFT Aviation experts expect that today's aircraft will begin to be replaced with some new form of supersonic transport in a few years' time. At 21st century hypersonic aircraft may open a new age of aircraft design. The designers of this country displayed the project of such a supersonic passenger liner among the prospective models at one of the latest Aerospace Sa- lon held on the old Le Bourget airfield 1 in Paris. An elongated fuselage with a sharp nose and without a horizontal stabilizer makes it look more like a rocket. The speed matches the looks 2 . This plane will fly at a speed five to six times above the speed of sound, e.g., it will cover the distance between Tokyo and Moscow in less than two hours. The diameter of the fuselage will be 4 meters and the overall length 100 meters, with the cabin accommodating 300 passen- gers. The future superplanes of such a class will have no windows, but the pas- 49 sengers can enjoy 3 watching the panorama of the Earth on the TV monitor at the front of the cabin. They will fly so fast that ordinary aircraft windows would make the structure too weak to withstand the stresses at such a speed. At high velocities the air resistance in the lower atmosphere is so great that the skin is heated to very high temperature. The only way out is to fly higher. Therefore, airliners' routes will mainly lie in the stratosphere. In general, to build a reliable hypersonic plane one has to overcome a whole set of technological and scientific difficulties. Apart from creating highly economical combined engines and heat-insulating materials 4 , designers have to make such an amount of thermodynamic computations that can't be performed without using supercomputers. One of the ways to make planes as economical as possible is lightening the aircraft by substituting new composite materials for conventional metal alloys. Accounting for 5 less than 5 per cent of the overall aircraft weight now, the percentage of composite material parts will exceed 25 per cent in new generation models. An extensive use of new materials combined with better aerodynamics and engines will allow increasing fuel efficiency by жүктеу/скачать 1,01 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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