English for medical students посібник з англійської мови

ALLERGY Exercise 1. Learn the following words

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• Exercise 2. Choose the proper definitions to the terms
• Exercise 3. Translate the following word combinations
• Exercise 4. Read and translate the text: ALLERGY

ALLERGY Exercise 1. Learn the following words: allergy, n ['ælədʒɪ] алергія exposure, n [ik'spəʊʒə] піддавання зовнішньому впливу histamine, n ['histəmin] гістамін invade, v [in'veid] вражати pollen, n ['pɔlən] квітковий пилок hives, n [haivz] кропивниця wheeze, v [wi:z] сопіти, хрипіти itch, n [iʧ] чесатися, свербіти clogging, n [klɔgiŋ] засмічення rash, n [ræʃ] висип, висипання mold, n [məʊld] пліснява mite, n [mait] кліщ swelling, n ['sweliŋ] пухлина, припухлість Exercise 2. Choose the proper definitions to the terms: Sneezing is an irritating sensation that makes you want to scratch to relieve the feeling Sensitization is an outbreak of swollen, pale red bumps or plaques on the skin that appear suddenly Allergen a semi-autonomous, convulsive expulsion of air from the lungs through the nose and mouth, usually caused by foreign particles irritating the nasal mucosa Pollen a serious allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and may cause death a serious allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and may cause death Anaphylaxis is a continuous, coarse, whistling sound produced in the respiratory airways during breathing Wheezing exposure to allergen that results in the development of hypersensitivity Hives is a fine to coarse powder containing the microgametophytes of seed plants Itching a type of antigen that produces an abnormally vigorous immune response in which the immune system fights off a perceived threat that would otherwise be harmless to the body Exercise 3. Translate the following word combinations: Over-reaction, foreign proteins, antibodies, immune response, affected person, to develop allergy, allergen, sneezing, shortness of breath, pain over the sinuses, skin rashes, swelling of lips and face, hives, abdominal cramps, cough, thick mucus secretions, weakness, difficulty in swallowing, life-threatening reaction, clogging up of airways, itching, unconsciousness. Exercise 4. Read and translate the text: ALLERGY Allergies are over-reactions of the immune system in certain individuals to seemingly and generally harmless foreign proteins and substances. Allergies usually do not occur at the first exposure. When a person is exposed to an allergen for the first time, the body develops molecules called antibodies against the invading proteins. This is called an immune response. When exposed to the allergen again the immune system produces large amounts of antibodies that lead to break down of mast cells that contain chemicals like histamine. This leads to the features of allergies. This process is known as sensitization. Sensitization may take days to years. Sometimes sensitization develops as the person affected shows symptoms but never fully develops the allergy to the allergen. Symptoms of allergy include: sneezing, shortness of breath, wheezing, runny nose and eyes, pain over the sinuses (at the bridge of the nose, near the eyes, over cheeks and at the forehead), coughing, skin rashes (hives), swelling of the lips or face, itching eyes, ears, lips, throat and roof of the mouth, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps and diarrhea. Common allergens include pollen, animal dander, fungal spores or molds, dust mites etc. There is severe wheezing, shortness of breath, cough and thick mucus secretions. When allergic reaction is life-threatening or severe it is termed anaphylaxis or anaphylactic shock. Anaphylaxis involves the whole body. Anaphylaxis involves: swelling of the throat and mouth and clogging up of airways leading to difficulty breathing, difficulty in speaking or swallowing, rash and itching elsewhere in the body, weakness and collapse often with unconsciousness due to sudden fall in blood pressure. Anaphylaxis requires urgent emergency management. жүктеу/скачать 0,8 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу: