A brief history of tourism
The Romans probably started it with their holiday villas in the Bay of Naples.
In the 19th century, the education of the rich and privileged few was not
complete without a Grand Tour of Europe's cultural sites.
Things started to change for ordinary people in 1845 when Thomas Cook, of
Leicester, England, organized the first package tour.
By 1939, an estimated one million people were travelling abroad for holidays
each year.
It is in the last three decades of the 20th century that tourism has really taken
off. Tourism has been industrialized: landscapes, cultures, cuisines, and
religions are consumer goods displayed in travel brochures.
Tourism today
The effects of tourism since the 1960s have been incredible. To take just a few
examples:
· The
Mediterranean
shores have a resident population of 130 million, but this
swells to 230 million each summer because of the tourists. This is nothing. The
United Nations projects that visitors to the region could number 760 million by
the year 2025. In Spain, France, Italy, and most of Greece, there is no
undeveloped coastline left, and the Mediterranean is the dirtiest sea in the whole
world.
·
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