Клиническая медицина Медицина и экология, 2021, 3
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betamimetics, where the gravity of the pathology requires. Such situations are encountered in ad- vanced stages of COPD with high level of bron- chial obstruction. In these situations, patients with serious symptoms, carry out the investiga- tions, substance inhaled bronchodilators improv- ing bronchial obstruction degree. After previous exposure and as a finally conclusion, results and discussions are eloquent for the purpose of the present study. REFERENCES 1 Airflow limitation by the Global Lungs Initiative equations in a cohort of very old adults / E. Turkeshi, B. Vaes, E. Andreeva et al. //Eur. Respir. J. – 2015. – V. 46. – Pp. 123-132. 2 Association between emphysema-like lung on cardiac computed tomography and mor- tality in persons without airflow obstruction: a cohort study /E. C. Oelsner, E. A. Hoffman, A. R. Folsom et al. //Ann. Intern. Med. – 2014. – V. 161. – Pp. 863-873. 3 Clinical relevance of diagnosing COPD by fixed ratio or lower limit of normal: a systematic review /W. D. van Dijk, N. Gupta, W. C. Tan et al. //COPD. – 2014. – V. 11. – Pp. 113-120. 4 COPD prevalence in a random population survey: a matter of definition /P. Shirtcliffe, M. Weatherall, S. Marsh et al. //Eur. Respir. J. – 2007. – V. 30. – Pp. 232-239. 5 Crapo R. O. Reference spirometric values using techniques and equipment that meet ATS recommendations /R. O. Crapo, A. H. Morris, R. M. Gardner //Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. – 1981. – V. 123. – Pp. 659-664. 6 Dynamic laryngeal narrowing during exercise: a mechanism for generating intrinsic PEEP in COPD? /M. Baz , G. S. Haji , A. Menzies- Gow et al. //Thorax. – 2015. – V. 70. – Pp. 251- 257. 7 Fletcher C. The natural history of chronic airflow obstruction /C. Fletcher, R. Peto //Br. Med. J. – 1977. – V. 1. – Pp. 1645-1648. 8 Global strategy for the diagnosis, man- agement, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: NHLBI/WHO 13. Global Initia- tive for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) Workshop summary /R. A. Pauwels, A. S. Buist, P. M. A. Calverley et al. //Am. J. Respir. Crist. Care. Med. – 2001. – V. 163. – Pp. 1256-1276. 9 Global strategy for the diagnosis, man- agement, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: GOLD executive summary /K. F. Rabe, S. Hurd, A. Anzueto et al. //Am. J. Respir. Crist. Care. Med. – 2007. – V. 176. – Pp. 532-555. 10 Hegerl U. Depression and suicidality in COPD: understandable reaction or independent disorders? /U. Hegerl, R. Mergl //Eur. Respir. J. – 2014. – V. 44. – Pp. 734-743. 11 Interpretative strategies for lung function tests /R. Pellegrino, G. Veii, V. Brusasco et al. //Eur. Respir. J. – 2005. – V. 26. – Pp. 948- 968. 12 Jones W Paul. Depression: a character- istic comorbidity of COPD? //Eur. Respir. J. – 2014. – V. 44. – Pp. 570-571. 13 Mannino D. M. Interpreting lung func- tion data using 80% predicted and fixed thresh- olds identifies patients at increased risk of mortal- ity /D. M. Mannino, E. Diaz-Guzman //Chest. – 2012 . – V. 141. – Pp. 73-80. 14 Mannino D. M. Obstructive pulmonary disease in the older adult: what defines abnormal lung function? /D. M. Mannino, A. S. Buist, W. M. Vollmer //Thorax. – 2007. – V. 62. – Pp. 237-241. 15 Population impact of different defini- tions of airway obstruction /B. R. Celli, R. J. Hal- bert, S. Isonaka et al. //Eur. Respir. J. – 2003. – V. 22. – Pp. 268-273. 16 Reference ranges for spirometry across all ages: a new approach /S. Stanojevic, A. Wade, J. Stocks et al. //Am. J. Respir. Crist. Care. Med. – 2008. – V. 177. – Pp. 253-260. 17 Smoking cessation strategies in patients with COPD /J. M. Warnier, E. S. E. van Riet, H. Frans et al. //Eur. Respir. J. – 2013. – V. 41. – Pp. 727-734. 18 Standards for the diagnosis and treat- ment of patients with COPD: a summary of the ATS/ERS position paper /B. R. Celli, W. MacNee, A. Agusti et al. //Eur. Respir. J. – 2004. – V. 23. – Pp. 932-946. 19 Swanney M. P. Adopting universal lung function reference equations /M. P. Swanney, M. Miller //Eur. Respir. J. – 2013. – V. 42. – Pp. 901- 903. 20 The ratio of FEV 1 to FVC as a basis for establishing chronic obstructive pulmonary dis- ease /C. A. Vaz Fragoso, J. Concato, G. McAvay et al. //Am. J. Respir. Crist. Care. Med. – 2010. – V. 181. – Pp. 446-451. 21 The relations between structural chang- es in small airways and pulmonary-function tests /M. Casio, H. Ghezzo, J. C. Hogg et al. //N. Engl. J. Med. – 1978. – V. 298. – Pp. 1277-1281. 22 Using the lower limit of normal for the FEV 1 /FVC ratio reduces the misclassification of airway obstruction /M. P. Swanney, G. Ruppel, P. L. Enright et al. //Thorax. – 2008. – V. 63. – Pp. 1046-1051. Received 01.09.21 жүктеу/скачать 3,93 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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