211 Annex A. Illustrative examples 177. The items included in this Annex illustrate some of the most important new elements of the
framework. For the sake of ensuring the preservation of trend, the majority of the items in the PISA
2021 will be items that have been used in previous PISA assessments. A larger set of release
items to illustrate the item pool can be found at http://www.oecd.org/pisa/test.
178. The items provided in this annex illustrate some of the following new elements:
The assessment of mathematical reasoning as described in the framework;
The four topics that have been identified for special emphasis in the PISA 2021
assessment, growth phenomena; geometric approximations; computer simulations; and
conditional decision making;
The range of item features that are possible on account of the Computer-Based
Assessment of Mathematics (CBAM); and
Computational thinking.
179. The seven illustrative items provided in this annex include:
SMARTPHONE USE : This item illustrates:
o
CBAM capabilities in particular the use of spreadsheets with sorting and other
capabilities.
