Методическая разработка по английскому языку для студентов факультета химии и химической технологии " Simple Chemistry" Алматы 2017



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мет. разработка по химии

Unit 13
Passive Voice
We make the passive by putting the verb “to be” into whatever tense we need and then adding the past participle. For regular verbs, we make the past participle by adding “ed” to the infinitive. So play becomes played.
Positive sentences

Tense

Active Voice

Passive Voice

Present Simple

I do this work

This work is done by me

Past Simple

I did this work

This work was done by

Future Simple

I will do this work

This work will be done by me

Present Continuous

I am doing this work

This work is being done by me

Past Continuous

I was doing this work

This work was being done by me

Present Perfect

I have done this work

This work has been done by me

Past Perfect

He had done this work

This work had been done by me

Can/could

I can/could do this work

This work can/could be done by me

Must /Should

I must/should do this work

This work must/should be done by me

May/might

I may/might do this work

This work may/might be done by me

Negative sentences



Tense

Active Voice

Passive Voice

Present Simple

I don’t do this work

This work isn’t done by me

Past Simple

I didn’t this work

This work wasn’t done by

Future Simple

I will not do this work

This work will not be done by me

Present Continuous

I am not doing this work

This work is not being done by me

Past Continuous

I was not doing this work

This work was not being done by me

Present Perfect

I haven’t done this work

This work hasn’t been done by me

Past perfect

I hadn’t done this work

This work hadn’t been done by me

Can/could

I can’t/couldn’t do this work

This work can/couldn’t be done by me

Must /Should

I mustn’t/shouldn’t do this work

This work must/shouldn’t be done by me

May/might

I may not /might not do this work

This work may not /might not be done by me

Questions



Tense

Active Voice

Passive Voice

Present Simple

Do I do this work?

Is this work done by me

Past Simple

Did I do this work?

Was this work done by

Future Simple

Will I do this work?

Will this work be done by me?

Present Continuous

Am I doing this work?

Is this work being done by me?

Past Continuous

Was I doing this work?

Was this work being done by me

Present Perfect

Have I done this work?

Has this work been done by me

Past Perfect

Had I done this work

Had this work been done by me?

Can/could

Can/Could I do this work?

Can/could this work been done by me?

Should

Should I do this work?

Should this work be done by me?

May

May I do this work?

May this work be done by me?


When should we use the Passive?


  1. When we want to change the focus of the sentence:

    • The Mona Lisa was painted by Leonardo Da Vinci. (We are more interested in the painting than the artist in this sentence)

  2. When who or what causes the action is unknown or unimportant or obvious or 'people in general':

    • He was arrested (obvious agent, the police).

    • My bike has been stolen (unknown agent).

    • The road is being repaired (unimportant agent).

    • The form can be obtained from the post office (people in general).

  3. In factual or scientific writing:

    • The chemical is placed in a test tube and the data entered into the computer.

  4. In formal writing instead of using someone/ people/ they (these can be used in speaking or informal writing):

    • The brochure will be finished next month.



Vocabulary
electrolysis  электролиз
direct current (DC)  постоянный ток
to force  заставить
to achieve  достигать
an electrode  электрод
to submerse  погружать
a technique  способ, метод
an electrically conductive solution  токопроводящий раствор
electrical voltage электрическое напряжение
to be applied  прикладываться
electron flow  поток электронов
to flow  двигаться, течь
until  до тех пор, пока
to receive the electrons  принимать электроны
a reduction reaction  реакция восстановления
a cathode  катод
to supply  поставлять, снабжать
an anode  анод
an oxidation reaction  реакция окисления
to be called  называться
a molten salt  расплавленная соль
to electrolyze  электролизовать
to be composed of  состоять из
solid state  твердое состояние
to freely move  свободно двигаться
to melt  плавиться
mobility  подвижность
to make  делать
cation  катион ,
anion  анион
in this case  в этом случае
to reduce  восстанавливать
to oxidize  окислять
possible  возможный
to determine  определять
polyatomic ion  комплексный ион
perchlorate  перхлорат
sulfate  сульфат
nitrate  нитрат
specifically  а именно
water  вода
to fill  заполнять




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