THE IMPERATIVE MOOD / БҦЙРЫҚ РАЙ
The Imperative Mood
Expresses
commands, orders, warnings, instructions, invitations, offers, suggestions, requests
Open your books. (instruction)
Look out! (warning)
Come in. (invitation)
Have some more tea. (offer)
Give me some bread, please. (request)
Be quiet! Don’t talk!
(command / order)
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The Forms of the Imperative Mood
1. We use the Imperative Mood when we tell one or more persons to do something. We normally use
the Imperative for orders, commands, warnings, instructions, invitations, offers, suggestions and
requests to people we know well.
Open the door.
Go to work.
2. For more polite requests we use please, can / can’t / could you?, could I?, will / won’t / would you?
Could I have some water, please?
Would you help me, please?
3. The auxiliary verb to do may also be used in affirmative sentences to make the request more emphatic.
But now, do sing again to us.
Do let’s finish the job first.
4. We use Don’t for the negative form of the Imperative even with the verb to be.
Don’t take photographs!
Don’t be angry.
5. To make suggestions in the Imperative Mood we may use structures with the verb let.
○ Let me + Infinitive without to
is used as a kind of the Imperative for the first person
singular (I).
Let me help him.
Let me do it.
○ Let us (let’s) + Infinitive without to
is used as a kind of the Imperative for the first person
plural (we).
Let us dance!
Let’s play football!
○ Let +object + Infinitive without to
is used as a kind of the Imperative for the third
person singular and plural (he, she, it, they).
Let the child take this medicine.
Let him do it himself.
Let them discuss your problem.
○ Let’s not + Infinitive without to /
Don’t let’s + Infinitive without to
the negative form of the Imperative with the verb let is
formed in two ways.
Oh, let’s not stop.
Oh, don’t let’s stop.
Exercise 1. Match the sentences with the pictures, then spot the speech situations.
Look out!
Don’t walk on the grass!
Let’s dance!
Give me some bread, please!
Don’t take photographs!
Could I have some water please?
Let’s play football!
Would you help me, please?
Be quite! Don’t talk!
request
order
warning
suggestion
instruction
polite request
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1. .................. request ..................
2. ......................................................
3. ......................................................
4. ......................................................
5. ......................................................
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6. .......................................................
7. ......................................................
8. ......................................................
9. ......................................................
Exercise 2. Read, translate and comment on the meanings of the Imperative forms of verbs
(orders, commands, warnings, instructions, invitations, offers, suggestions and requests) in
the following dialogues.
1.
Cindy:
We‘re leaving.
Beth:
Wait for me!
Cindy:
Hurry up! We‘ll be late.
Beth:
Okay. Okay. I‘m ready. Let’s go.
2.
Michelle:
(Knock, knock.) May I come in?
Professor:
Certainly. Come in. Please have a seat.
Michelle:
Thanks.
Professor:
How can I help you?
Michelle:
I need to ask you a question about yesterday‘s lecture.
Professor:
Okay. What‘s the question?
3.
Mary:
We need to leave soon.
Ivan:
I‘m ready.
Mary:
Don’t forget your house key.
Ivan:
I have it.
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Mary:
Okay.
4.
Tom:
What‘s the matter?
Jim:
I have hiccups.
Tom:
Hold your breath.
Bob:
Drink some water.
Joe:
Breathe into a paper bag.
Ken:
Eat a piece of bread.
Jim:
It‘s okay. The hiccups are gone.
5.
Student:
Do we have any homework for tomorrow?
Teacher:
Yes. Read pages 24 through 36, and answer the questions on page 37,
in writing.
Student:
Is that all?
Teacher:
Yes.
6.
Yuko:
How do I get to the post office from here?
Eric:
Walk two blocks to 16th Avenue. Then turn right on Forest Street.
Go two more blocks to Market Street and then turn left. The post
office is halfway down the street on the right-hand side.
Yuko:
Thanks.
Exercise 3. Distinguish between commands, requests of various kinds and wishes.
Translate the sentences into Kazakh.
1. Have a lovely time.
2. Don‘t, for goodness sake, let us interrupt the singing.
3. Get back to your seat, won‘t you?
4. Will you have a look into my notes?
5. Keep calling. She may come any time.
6. May their travel be safe and happy.
7. Tell him to report to the assistant manager.
8. Have a cigarette, will you?
9. Hear him play this piece, Nellie!
10. Pray, believe me.
11. Do understand the course of events if you are a man!
12. You had better take a little time to think, darling.
13. Let them join us, too.
14. Do be quiet, Jane.
15. Let‘s not start our discussion anew. I‘ve had enough of arguing.
Exercise 4. Look at the pictures. What are the people saying? Some sentences are
positive (go / eat, etc) and some are negative (don't go / don't eat, etc). Use these verbs:
buy come drink make sit sleep smile turn
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Exercise 5. What Do They Say?
Your teacher
Your mother
Say what your mother or teacher says, like this:
You talk in class.
My teacher says, ― Don’t talk in class.‖
You don‘t drink your milk.
My mother says, ― Drink your milk.‖
1. You don‘t get up.
14. You don‘t go to bed.
2. You eat chocolate before lunch.
15. You play ball in the kitchen.
3. You don‘t clean your teeth.
16. You don‘t make your bed.
4. You make a noise in class.
17. You fight in class.
5. You don‘t correct your mistakes.
18. You sleep in class.
6. You don‘t eat your vegetables.
19. You don‘t feed the goldfish.
7. You play loud music on the radio.
20. You whistle in class.
8. You don‘t wash your hands before
meals.
21. You make paper aeroplanes in
class.
9. You don‘t help with the washing up.
22. You don‘t tidy your room.
10. You eat your lunch in class.
23. You don‘t have a bath.
11. You read comics in class.
24. You hit your brother.
12. You jump on your bed.
25. You watch television all day.
13. You don‘t do your English
exercises.
26. You write letters in class.
Exercise 6. Complete the sentences using the missing verbs from the list in the Imperative.
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