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businesses. Nowadays, a personal computer is capable of handing the accounting 
and finances of almost any small to medium-sized business. Many different 
programs are available for plotting financial trends and performing everyday 
bookkeeping functions. One of the most popular financial tools is called a 
spreadsheet. An electronic spreadsheet is a software program, which performs 
mathematical calculations and ‘want – if’ analysis. Besides replacing your pencil 
and calculator for solving financial and statistical problems, spreadsheets can 
display line graphics, bar chats, and scatter plot diagrams. Often accounting and 
spreadsheet programs are designed to work together, in efforts to provide the 
financial solution. 
Database Management
. A database is a simply collection of related information. 
Some common examples are a phone book, an inventory list, a personal file. A 
Database Management Software program assists in manipulating and organizing 
the information in a database. A database application is any task ordinarily handled 
by a filing cabinet, multiply file folders, or some other information storage system. 
In a manual system, for example, each drawer in filing cabinet is reserved for a 
specific purpose, such as maintaining profile sheets on customers. Each profile is 
written on a standard form and a clerk places the file folder in the drawer. This 
manual process is identical to a computerized database, where the database 
software performs the function of the filing clerk. Rather that placing the customer 
profiles in the filing cabinet drawer, a computerized database stores each profile 
electronically on a disk. 
Computer Aided Design.
Computers are the perfect tools for creating drawing or 
architectural plans. Because the drawings can be saved, it is easy to incorporate 
modifications, design improvements and corrections. Computers are often used on 
the final process of converting a computer drawing into a physical product. One 
such example is the manufacturing of electronic circuit boards. First, the electronic 
circuit drafting program produces the schematic design, then a second program 
tests the design by simulating the circuit’s operation, and finally a third program 
constructs the circuit board from the design layout. 
Communications: Computers can communicate with each other via regular 
telephone lines and modems. Communication software programs enable different 
types of computers to exchange data using a common language. The IMB PC can 
actually emulate various types of equipment, around the world, with the help of 
software.
Graphic Presentations: There are actually some people, who prefer to look at 14 
columns of numbers across several pages for analyzing a business’ performance. 
These people are called accountants. However, most people are visual learners of 
diagrams, graphs and charts for representing numerical trends.. 

Desktop Publishing is the process of taking a document and inserting graphics and 
applying enhanced formatting options. These programs take text from the more 
common word processor and produce print-shop quality output. Desktop 
publishing programs are used to create newsletters, brochures, reports, book and 
other publications. 
Desktop publishing programs include: Aldus PageMaker, Ventura Publisher, AMI 
Professional. Integrated Programs: they unite one or more of the primary computer 
applications, whether word processing, spreadsheet or database into a single 
package. These programs allow people to experiment with the major computer 
applications, while only investing in a single product.
Microsoft Windows
. Windows is a program, which enhances many aspects of using 
a microcomputer. It provides a graphical user interface (GUI and pronounced 
«Gooey») for programs running under the Windows environment. In other word, 
Windows allows a person to use a mouse and choose special symbols to point at 
and select desired functions, rather than having to remember commands. As well 
Windows’ products allow a WYSIWYG (‘what you see is, what you get’) screen 
display, especially important for word processing and desktop publishing 
programs. 

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