48-ші ғылыми-әдiстемелiк конференциясының материалдары
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3-книга
| Task №1.
In a packed absorber the methanol steam absorption by water from gas under atmospheric pressure at average temperature of T, °C is carried out. Content of methanol in the gas coming to a scrubber, 100 g on 1 m 3 of inert gas (including gas volume at working conditions). On exit of a scrubber the water has concentration , % from greatest possible, i.e. from equilibrium with the entering gas. The equation of solubility of methanol in water in the relative molarities: Y* = 1,15 X . It is taken by water of 98% of initial amount of alcohol. Mass-transfer coefficient: K x = 0,5 kmol of alcohol/(m 2 h kmol of alcohol/(kmol of water)). Consumption of inert gas V, m 3 /h (at working conditions). The absorber is filled with a nozzle from ceramic rings with a specific surface area 190 m 2 /m 3 . Coefficient of wetting of a nozzle is = 0,87. Dummy velocity of gas in an absorber w, m/s. Define the water consumption and the required nozzle layer height [5, 6]. Task №2. Calculate the reactor boiler of periodic action for processing X kg per days of a reaction mixture at the following initial data. Initial concentration х Аin (kmol/m 3 ); extent of transformation А ; a specific reaction rate, flowing past on an order zero or first, К r ; temperature of reaction t р ( о С); pressure in the reactor 0,3 МPа; heat effect of reaction (exothermic) q r (J/kmol); the reaction mixture has the following physical properties: liq (kg/m 3 ), µ liq (Pа s), с liq (J/(kg К)), liq (W/(m К)) [7]. Since 2017 according to the SPIID-2 program «Industrial chemistry» in a profile magistracy the discipline «Processes and devices of oil processing» for specialty 6M073900-«Petrochemistry» is taught. Educational programs of training of engineers in al-Farabi KazNU is a combination of the structured complex of subject matters, educational practice of various type and appointment, the thesis or project, the intermediate and a final assessment. The complex of subject matters includes general education, all-professional and special disciplines and also disciplines of specialization. The main advantage of programs is that they include considerable natural-science and mathematical components as a basis for formation of the qualitative general education base, necessary, at the subsequent studying of engineering disciplines and also practice as a form of training of the university graduate for performance of professional functions of this or that sort. Now teaching discipline is carried out in the form of lectures, seminar occupations and also independent work of students, as well as in a bachelor degree. In a technique of teaching seminar occupations the main emphasis needs to be placed on tasks with the known algorithms to the solution of tasks where the student 30 looks for versions of the decision independently, relying on the theoretical knowledge and abilities received during a lecture course. Examples of multiple tasks. Task №1. Calculate a rectifying column of continuous action with mesh plates for separation under the atmospheric pressure V t/h of the liquid mix containing 50% (mass.) benzene and 50% (mass.) toluene. The required content of benzene in distillate of 96% (mass.), the required content of toluene in the vat rest of 98% (mass.). Initial mix before giving in a column is warmed up up to the boiling temperature. The heating steam has pressure Р ex (kgf/cm 3 or MPa). Calculation includes definition of expenses of distillate, the vat rest, phlegm number, the heating steam, the cooling water and determination of the main sizes of a column – D and H. Execute definition of number of plates graphically by method of a theoretical plate. For V and Р ex , take reference values from the table provided from below by options [5]. Task №2. Calculate the casing tubular heat exchanger for cooling in interpipe space V, m 3 /h (including under normal conditions) nitrogen from 76 to 31 о C. Absolute pressure of gas is 1,5 kgfs/cm 2 (~ 0,15 MPas). Water comes to pipe space at 16 о C [5]. Thus, for further improvement of teaching disciplines of specialties of the technical and natural-science directions it is necessary to develop and introduce the offered technologies of training of students in educational process, to carry out periodically monitoring of contents and technologies of training. To place the main emphasis on a practical training on multiple tasks which solutions the student looks for independently, relying on fundamental, theoretical knowledge and ability to use a mathematical apparatus. The size of similar tasks has to be sufficient for formation of the competences allowing finding the engineering solutions on options of the organization of processes, the choice of the optimum equipment and determination of its main sizes. жүктеу/скачать 5,84 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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