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Module 14
INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL
BIOTECHNOLOGY
Vocabulary
: exercises 1—7, 12—16.
Grammar
Revision
: exercises 8—9, 17—19.
Reading
: exercises 10, 11, 32.
Listening
: exercise 20.
Speaking
: exercises 21—26.
Writing
: exercises 27—30.
Project Work
: exercise 31.
Test 14.
KEY VOCABULARY
Exercise 1. Read and guess the meanings of the new words. If you have some
difficulties, use the dictionary at the end of this book. It will help you to read
and discuss the texts and dialogues, arrange the role-plays and present the
projects.
1)
to alter.
Biotechnology is application of science and technology to
living organisms, products, and models to alter living and non-living
materials for
the production of knowledge, goods, and services.
2)
to derive from.
Biotechnology is derived from biological knowledge.
3)
detergents.
Industrial enzymes are used in detergents.
4)
fine chemicals.
They manufacture some antibiotics, vitamins, and
other fine chemicals.
5)
ubiquitous applications.
The term ‘bio-based products’ comprises
a great variety of innovative products in ubiquitous applications.
6)
perceptible characteristics.
No external, perceptible characteristics dif-
ferentiate bio-based products from traditional products.
7)
to recognize.
Most bioproducts cannot be easily recognized by con-
sumers.
8)
to play a vital role.
Healthcare biotechnology
plays a vital role in ad-
dressing unmet medical needs.
9)
fungi, yeast.
Industrial biotechnology uses fungi, yeast, bacteria
to make sustainable energy.
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10)
gene, genomics, genetic engineering.
One of the main biotechnical tech-
niques is DNA/RNA that deals with genomics, gene probes, and ge-
netic engineering.
11)
engineering, synthesis engineering, cell and tissue engineering
. Synthesis
engineering as well as cell and tissue engineering are well known bio-
technological techniques.
12)
biobleaching, bioleaching, biopulping.
A biomodel is represented in
biobleaching, bioleaching, and biopulping.
13)
feedstock.
Crude oil is used as feedstock
in the production of chemi-
cals and fuels.
14)
greenhouse effect.
Global warming is the result of the ‘greenhouse ef-
fect’, which is caused by carbon dioxide and other gases.
15)
carbon dioxide.
Carbon dioxide is a result of the combustion of hydro-
carbons and coal.
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