Е. С. Закирова, П. А. Красавин Английский язык для технических вузов


b) find words in the text whose meanings are opposite to the meanings of the



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b) find words in the text whose meanings are opposite to the meanings of the 
following words:
solid, bulk, full, to begin, open, above, to increase, to heat, advantage, 
worse;
c) replace the words in italics with the words with similar meanings:
1. While upsetting, the workpiece length 
decreases
and its cross section in-
creases. 2. Castings are ejected from the molds 
to complete
the process. 3. Mod-
ern metalworking processes are 
diverse 
and specialized. 4. Metal-forming dies 
must be designed carefully 
to shape 
correctly the workpiece. 5. The flash cools 
more 
rapidly
than the rest of the material. 
Exercise 15. Complete the sentences: change the word in capitals at the end of 
each sentence to form a word that fits suitably in the blank space.
1. In … die forging excess metal flows out of the die and forms flash IM-
PRESS.
2. In closed die forging the workpiece needs a better … PLACE.
3. Forgings require their … machining to achieve the final shape in open 
die forging CONSIDER.
4. There are … sheet metal forming processes DIFFER.
5. One of the forging operations is squeezing the workpiece in the … dies 
COMPRESS.


148
Exercise 16. Insert the words at the sentence level: fill in the blanks with the 
missing words (the first letter of each word is given).
1. Casting involves pouring m… metal into a mold where it cools and so-
lidifies into the shape of the mold. 2. A mold contains a h… cavity. 3. A casting 
is e… from the mold. 4. Metal castings are produced in f… . 5. Forging i… the 
mechanical properties of metals. 6. Most forging operations use d… . 7. In 
impression die forging a die is attached to the a… . 8. Excess metal flow out of 
the die and forms f… . 9. True closed die forging needs better l… . 10. There is 
a variety of s… metal forming processes. 


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