Е. В. Дмитриева
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●Прочитайте и переведите текст. GLOBALIZATION OF WORLD ECONOMY Globalization is understood as increasing internationalization of ideas, science, communication and technology that must be distinguished from eco- nomic globalization. The latter means the process of integration of markets, great changes in trade and finance and the establishment of the global economy. The main aim of economic globalization is to change the world into one dynamic market which has uniform characteristics in different countries. Globa- lization should lead to a free mobility of capital as well as to privatization of the economy and a sharp reduction in government budgets. Besides, globalization means wide advertising of new consumer products all over the world, low taxes for producers both domestic and foreign and similar life-styles 1 for people of different nationalities. First steps towards globalization in Europe were made by the establish- ment of the Common Market in 1993 and the introduction of the «euro» as the new single currency for Europe on January 1, 1999. Since that time the euro has been used in foreign trade transactions by the countries which joined the euro- zone 2 . Euro banknotes were introduced in circulation in 12 member-countries of the European Union on January 1, 2002. Some countries of Central and Eastern Europe have recently joined the European Union, such as Lithuania and Poland while others are planning to do it in the near future. However, in order to transform the former planned economies into really mixed economies 3 countries of Eastern Europe must increase sharply the levels of productivity and competitiveness of their economies. Special ad- justments should be made in agriculture, tax system and in the system of social security 4 . Economists think that the single currency will increase trade integration as well as labour mobility in the euro-zone. The introduction of the new currency and participation of different countries in integrated European financial markets should reduce any risks in business transactions and lead to more efficient Euro- pean finance, promote European political as well as economic integration. Globalization at a business level means that a company has decided to participate in the global economy and it is going to establish its subsidiaries in foreign markets. However, a company will have to adjust its products or services to the consumers' requirements in a foreign country. Nowadays any company 78 may do e-business using the Internet services. In order to attract consumers it is important to advertise new goods and services both in national and international markets. Advertising of popular goods and services is often done in such inter- national languages as English, German, French, and Spanish. жүктеу/скачать 1,01 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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