Notes to the Text
1. level of living = standard of living
– уровень жизни
2. in contrast – наоборот
3. square kilometre
– квадратный километр
4. thus – следовательно
5. to turn to
–
здесь
выходить на
6. to welcome
– одобрять, приветствовать
Vocabulary
to seek (sought, sought)
(часто с
for)
–
искать (что-либо)
security
–
безопасность, надежность
relative
– относительный,
сравнительный
relatively
– относительно,
сравнительно
amount
– количество
facility
– удобства, средства
обслуживания; оборудование
means
– средство, средства (упот-
ребляется с глаголом в ед. и мн. ч.)
by means of
–
при помощи,
посредством
to mean (meant meant)
– значить,
иметь значение, означать
to ensure
– обеспечивать,
гарантировать
to cooperate
– сотрудничать
to maintain
– поддерживать,
сохранять
quantity
– количество
necessity
– предмет первой
необходимости
raw materials
– сырье
to obtain
– получать, доставать,
приобретать
to import
– ввозить, импортировать
to export
– вывозить,
экспортировать
additional
– дополнительный
to depend (on smth)
–
зависеть
(от чего-либо)
action
– действие, деятельность
to overtake
(overtook, overtaken)
–
перегонять, обгонять, обходить
export
– вывоз, экспорт
import
– ввоз, импорт
item
– (каждый, отдельный)
предмет, статья, пункт
quality
– качество
high-quality
– высококачественный
reliable
– надежный,
прочный
long-term
– долгосрочный
75
Упражнения
●
Упражнение 1.
Вставьте слова и словосочетания в предложения.
Переведите предложения.
1. Plants should regularly replace old production ... by new … .
2. A firm may ... a credit only if it provides some guarantees.
3. At present the main ... of export in Russia are oil, gas and other natural
resources.
4. ... of production include labour, capital and natural resources.
5. Nowadays industrialized countries ... for new markets for their goods
especially in Latin America and Africa.
6. In order to have ... equipment the workers must ... it in proper
condition.
7. The firm is going to employ some ... workers.
8. In order to ... competitors the firm should produce only high quality
and ... equipment.
9. The ... of oil sold by the OPEC countries may fall to maintain the price
in the world market.
10. The main contributor of money to a business is to ... the
largest share
of profits.
11. What does the word ... ?
12. The new product is very expensive as it is made of ... of high ... .
a) additional; b) overtake, reliable; c) amount; d) obtain; e) mean; f) raw
materials, quality; g) facilities, facilities; h) obtain; i) items; j) means; k) seek;
l) reliable, maintain.
●
Упражнение 2.
Переведите однокоренные слова, и определите, ка-
кими частями речи они являются.
1. Depend, dependence, interdependence, independence, independent.
2. Necessary, necessities, necessarily, unnecessary, unnecessaries.
3. Vary, various, variety.
4. Secure, security.
5. Relative, relatively.
6. Profit, profitable, profitability, profitably, profitless, unprofitable.
7. Maintain, maintenance.
8. Communicate, communication.
9. Possible, possibility, impossible, possibly.
10. Contribute, contribution, contributor.
76
●
Упражнение 3.
Вставьте в пропуски слова из упражнения 2.
1. The USA is known as one of the main ... to many international funds.
2. Such means of ... as the Internet is widely used by businessmen and in
e-commerce (электронная коммерция).
3. A lot of technological processes greatly ... on the supply of electricity.
4. In economics food, water, clothes and a house are known as the main ...
for man's life.
5. It is ... for companies to provide proper ... systems in order to keep their
future plans in secret from competitors.
6. The level of living does not … greatly in main industrialized countries,
it is … the same.
7. If costs are higher than ..., the business is ... and the firm will go
bankrupt.
8. It is important for national governments to ... trade facilities such as
roads, railways, sea ports, and airports in good condition.
●
Упражнение 4.
Вставьте must, should или have to в нужной форме.
1. There are no parking facilities for manufactured cars, so the
company … buy some land.
2. The workers ... produce the first 100 cars by the end of the year.
3. African countries … buy a large part of machinery and equipment for
their plants from developed countries.
4. The engineers ... follow the instructions how to use new equipment.
5. Last year the local government ... (not) spend much on transport
facilities as they were well maintained.
6. Companies trading in the world market ... ensure high standards.
7. When most countries of Central Europe exhausted their coal resources
they ... import large quantities of gas and oil from abroad.
8. The government ... spend more money to improve sports facilities in
the country in order to involve more children in sports.
9. Such large countries as the USA and Canada ... (not) import wheat
because they produce this crop on large areas in their countries.
●
Упражнение 5.
Ответьте на вопросы.
1. What do people seek for?
2. Why is the economic security of large nations relatively high?
3. How can a small nation ensure its economic security?
4. What do you know about Belgium?
5. How can the Belgians maintain a relatively high level of living?
6. Why is trade so important for Belgium?
7. What are the main items of Japanese export?
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