Абай қҰнанбайұлының 175 жылдығына арналған «гуманитарлық ЖӘне қОҒамдық Ғылымдар: жетістіктер және мүмкіндіктер»
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sbornik-tezisov-07.10.2020g.
| Materials and research methods:
analysis of publications in the media, analysis of the health care system, the concept of the terms paid and free medical care, assessment of the quality of medical care. Research results. In the health care system, several interrelated processes should be noted that determine the dynamics of changes, the real state of health of the population and the system of medical care for the population. The first is a deterioration in the health of the population as a result of a decrease in the standard of living of the population, an unhealthy lifestyle, and an increase in the «diseases of poverty » . Disease statistics have undergone significant changes due to the growth of infectious, parasitic, venereal and narcological diseases. In Kazakhstan, a high mortality rate was noted with a simultaneous decrease in the population in all regions of the country due to a decrease in the birth rate and migration outflow outside the republic. Secondly, there have been significant internal changes in the health care system. For 10 years, the number of hospitals and hospital beds has decreased by almost 2.2 times; the number of doctors decreased by a third, or by 20 thousand people. As a result of forced optimization, about 75 1200 rural settlements were left without a medical organization or medical care. The rise in prices for medicines made them inaccessible for a significant part of the population. The inequality of opportunities also manifested itself in the availability of health care, depending on the economic, official and status position, geographical and rural-urban characteristics. Socio-economic difficulties have led to a decrease in the number of people visiting medical institutions due to the limited availability of medical care. Third, the republic is faced with enormous environmental problems that have a significant impact on the dynamics of diseases and the need for medical institutions. Acute shortage and unsatisfactory water quality, the impact of former military training grounds, land degradation, man-made desertification and much more negatively affect the health of the population of Kazakhstan. For the formation of a new health care system in the republic, a reform was carried out, including legal, institutional and structural changes. The creation of a new public health infrastructure provides for the formation of a private sphere of medicine, while maintaining the state-guaranteed volume of free medical care. The health ca re system is going through a difficult stage in its development; there are big organizational, structural and financial problems. There is a decrease in the accessibility of the population, especially the rural population, to primary health care. The following factors have a negative impact on the health of the country's population: decline in the standard of living of the majority of the population; lack of healthy lifestyle skills among the majority of the population: high levels of alcohol consumption, tobacco smoking, low level of sanitary and hygienic skills; irrational, unbalanced and often insufficient nutrition; lack of iodine and iron in the diet; limited access to safe water supplies, especially in rural areas. The current stage of reforming the health care system in the Republic is characterized by tasks aimed at improving the quality and availability of medical services for the population of various social groups. In order to form an effective system for the provision of medical services, structural transformations are continuing aimed at strengthening primary health care, creating an economically more efficient institution of family medicine, introducing modern approaches to treating diseases based on WHO recommendations. жүктеу/скачать 3 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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