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Keywords: digital education, educational programs, inclusive growth, Dublin Descriptors 
Preparation of the competent specialists become one of the top priorities for the higher education. All 
graduates join economic entities providing daily fulfilment for the wellness of a country. Thus, human capital 
being a key factor of economic growth participate in the development of every state. 
Current priorities of the higher education is to fulfill main requirements and to establish advanced 
experience for establishment quality and competitive programs. For our country, reforms in higher education 
establish track to enroll Dublin Descriptors (hereafter as the Descriptors) as guideline for the education 
programs.
Following this, it is very important to understand core content of these Descriptors and main directions of 
their implementation. According to open presented materials
The central part of the Descriptors is Framework for Qualifications of the European Higher Education Area. 
According to Bologna Working Group provide development of an agreement aiming to organize national 
higher education qualifications [1].
Qualifications are divided into blocks covering levels of complexity and difficulty and providing skill and 
knowledge in the field of study.
All components of the Descriptors have been defined according to generic usage as a multipurpose 
identifier. 
As it stated by European Consortium for Accreditation «The overarching Framework for Qualifications of 
the European Higher Education Area derives its distinctive purposes from the objectives expressed through 
the Bologna Process: international transparency, recognition, and mobility. International recognition of 
qualifications builds on transparency. The overarching Qualification Framework, provides a common 
understanding of the outcomes of a programme as represented by the qualification (diploma). This contrasts 
with a mere assertion of comparability». 
There three levels that were issued for all types of higher education – see Figure 1. 
Figure 1 – Cycles of the Descriptors 
Source: composed based on [1, 2] 
The cycles ensure basic recommendation on a range of skills and knowledge that should be established by 
the educational program for bachelor’s, master’s and PhD students. Actually Descriptors based on the main 
actions that every student might to apply after study of each program passed on the core course at the education 
center – institute, university or business school. Thus, verbs determining actions are widely used to 
demonstrate main skills of the graduate.
Main content of the cycles presented below. 
First cycle Bachelor's level: 
Second cycle Master's level:
Third cycle PhD: 
According to National Framework of Qualifications the Bologna Process was initiated in 1999. It now 
involves 45 countries. The Bologna Framework enables: 


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1. International transparency. 
2. International recognition of qualifications. 
3. International mobility of learners and graduates [2]. 
Authorized bodies in the number of countries have already implemented Bologna Process in their national 
system of education – mostly higher one. For Kazakhstan, Ministry of Science and Education together with 
national universities started this process several years ago. For these stage, it is very important to provide 
thoroughly enrollment and reasonable understanding of the main principles of the Descriptors.
There are a number of countries with national frameworks of qualifications already in place or being put in 
place, each reflecting national structures and policy priorities. Some of these relate to all education and training 
while others just to higher education. 
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University was one of the first that introduction of these system in the 
development of the study programs. 
Comprehension of the advanced experience will increase the quality of Kazakhstani education system, 
providing the most appropriate level of skills for local specialists for the needs of national economy. 


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