С. К. Игибаев қазақстан тарихының өзекті мәселелері Актуальные проблемы истории Казахстана Монография

POTANIN G.N. (1835-1920) IS A GREAT TRAVELER, SCIENTIST AND DEMOCRAT

Annotation: G.N. Potanin is one of the great travelers who made a significant contribution to science in the studies of Central Asia and Kazakhstan. During his trips to Kazakhstan, the researcher did not limit himself with physical and geographical description of the localities travelled by the expedition, he established the regions of Kazakhstan suitable for farming and noted that in these places Kazakhs successfully allocate land without external motives. G.N. Potanin studied the life, customs, beliefs, culture, legends of various peoples inhabiting the territory of CentralAsia and including Kazakhs and their clan-tribal composition with great interest. A prominent place in his study is occupied by legends and tales of the Kazakh people. New in the history of Kazakhstan is the investigated by G.N. Potanin position of Kazakh farmers-eginchas, representing the estate of holder-ladles. After studying the working conditions of workers in the gold mines of Siberia and the Kazakh steppe, the scientist established that workers both in the taiga and in the steppe are in a bondage position from the gold miner and demanded from the authorities a radical reform to improve the life of workers, regardless of their location. On the example of Irtysh Cossacks and Kazakhs G.N. Potanin showed the commonality of their views on the world. Friendship of Ch.Ch. Valikhanov and G. N. Potanin is the brightest example for imitation for the younger generation.