“HE COVERED THEM AND BROKEN BACK”: HISTORICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE APPROACH TO THE AUTHORITY OF ZOLOTOORDIN- SKY KHAN TOKTS Abstract The article is a historical and legal analysis of the circumstances of the accession of
the Golden Horde Khan of Tokta in 1291. Based on an interdisciplinary approach, the
author attempts to find out to what extent, preparing a conspiracy against Tula-Bugi and
his co-rulers, Nogai and Tokta were able to legitimize their actions so that the coming of
Tokta to power did not look like a usurpation. Based on well-known sources and con-
ducting a formal legal analysis, as well as using a comparative legal approach, the author
concludes that the organizers of the coup d’etat managed to give their actions a com-
pletely legitimate character, since they acted in accordance with Mongolian imperial law
and were able to carry out the displacement procedure Tula-Boogie and the accession of
Tokta, using both general principles and the precedents of a legal and procedural nature
that have taken place, in fact, carried out a coup in the form ud over the deposed ruler. A
similar conclusion was made possible on the basis of the historical and legal interpreta-
tion of previously known medieval sources of Arab, Persian and Russian origin, as well
as taking into account the latest research in the field of history, state and law of Ulus Juchi
(Golden Horde) and specifically on the era of Nogai temnik.
Keywords: Golden Horde, Nogay, Tula-Buga, Tokty, a political revolution, the court
and the process in the Ulus of Jochi.