и. и. прибыток. М., 2008. с. 175.
67
Blokh M. Y.
A Course in Theoretical English Grammar / M. Y. Blokh. Moscow,
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Fries Ch. C.
The Structure of English / Ch. C. Fries. N. Y., 1952.
Hornby A. S.
Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English /
A. S. Hornby. Moscow, 1982. Vol. 2.
22. communicative Types of sentences
In accord with the purpose of communication three cardinal
sentence-types have been recognized in linguistic tradition: the
declarative sentence, the imperative sentence, the interrogative sentence.
These communicative types are strictly identified, and their properties
of meaning and form are correlated with the listeners’ responses. Thus,
the declarative sentence expresses a statement (affirmative or negative),
has a direct word order (SVO…) and stands in syntagmatic correlation
with the listener’s responding signals of attention or appraisal. The
imperative (or inductive) sentence expresses a request or command,
features the initial position of the verb in its structure (V…) and urges
the listener to make an action response. The interrogative sentence
expresses a question, has an inverted word order (vSVO…) and is
connected with an answer (verbal response), forming together with it a
question-answer dialogue unity.
Alongside with the three cardinal communicative sentence-
types, another type of sentences is recognized in syntax, namely, the
exclamatory sentence. In the course of studies, it has been shown that
exclamatory sentences do not possess the basic properties of cardinal
sentence-types. Exclamation is considered as an accompanying feature
which is actualized in the system of the three cardinal communicative
types of sentences. Each of them can be represented in the two variants:
non-exclamatory and exclamatory (e. g.:
It was a small house — What
a small house it was!
)
.
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