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sbornik-26.02.2020

Amangeldiev 
N
.
 
Scientific supervisor: Olzhayeva R.R., k.b.s., professor of Russian Academy of 
Natural Sciences
 
 
Semey Medical University,
 
NCJSC
 
 
Actuality:
In recent years, antioxidants 

both natural and synthetic 

have been 
increasingly included in clinical practice, and they work in various fields of medicine 

from surgery to psychiatry due to their ability to attain a balance between the production 
and
utilization of reactive oxygen species, and a homeostasis as a whole.
Purpose:
Perform a comparative evaluation of antioxidant status and examine the 
potential use of antioxidant system enzymes to correct the infringements.
Discussion:
In the body, the toxic effect of reactive oxygen species is prevented by 
the functioning of antioxidant defense systems. Normally, a balance is maintained between 
oxidative and antioxidant systems. The antioxidant defense system is represented by 
enzymatic and non
-
enzymatic components.
The increase in the activity of antioxidant 
system
enzymes is obviously associated with the activation of compensatory mechanisms 
aimed at reducing the level of oxidative stress caused by the action of adverse 
environmental factors. 
It is known that excessive accumulation in cells of a superoxide anion 

radical or 
hydrogen peroxide is accompanied by derepression of genome regions responsible for the 
activity of antiradical cell defense enzymes 
– 
superoxidedismutase and catalase. In turn, 
activation of serum superoxidedismutase prevents the development of cytopathogenic 
effects of reactive oxygen 

destabilization of endotheliocyte and blood cell membranes 
leading to the development of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. 
However, this compensation mechanism is depleted after 72 hours from the 
development of acute ischemia. So, pharmacological supplementation to this pathological 
point may be applied. The high intensity of the processes, namely lipid metabolism, 


54 
occurring in the liver causes its high sensitivity to a lack of oxygen. An activation of lipid 
peroxidation in the liver plays an important role in metabolic disorders in acute hypoxia. 
Futhermore, the relationship between the indicators of fetal hemoglobin and oxygen 
saturation in
patients with hemoglobinopathies including sickle cell anemia helps in the 
early diagnosis of latent chronic hypoxia and hypoxemia, allowing to clarify the severity of 
the disease and correct treatment.
Finally, the antioxidant activity of flavonoids is 
manifested in an increase in the antioxidant status of plasma including a protective effect 
of vitamin E. Its action is directed on erythrocyte membranes and low density lipoproteins, 
as well as the protection of PUFA membranes of red blood cells from peroxidation. 


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