Б. О. Джолдошева из Института автоматики и информационных технологий нан кр, г. Бишкек; «Cинтез кибернетических автоматических систем с использованием эталонной модели»
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| 2.2 Infrastructure. Efficient infrastructure is an essential driver of competitiveness. It is critical for ensuring the effective functioning of the economy, as it is an important factor determining the location of economic activity and the kinds of activities or sectors that can develop in a particular economy. Well-developed infrastructure reduces the effect of distance between regions, with the result of truly integrating the national market and connecting it at low cost to markets in other countries and regions. In addition, the quality and extensiveness of infrastructure networks significantly impact economic growth and reduce income inequalities and poverty in a variety of ways (Aschauer, 1989; Canning et al., 1994; Gramlich, 1994; and Easterly, 2002).
Infrastructure scores misalignment arose from the inhomogeneity and heterogeneity of the following facts: ineffective modes of transport for goods, people, and services – such as quality roads, railroads, ports, and air transport, electricity shortages and also bad telecommunications network. Indeed, based on analysis of data of the Global Competitiveness Report 2009-2010 we obtain the following: - mean is 3,894 score, and this corresponds the Slovak Republic (3,89) ranked 48th; - mode is 2,91 score, and this corresponds Peru ranked 78th; Algeria ranked 82nd; Philippines ranked 88th and Ecuador ranked 104th; - maximum is 6,59 score, and this corresponds Germany ranked 7th; - minimum is 1,9 score, and this corresponds Chad ranked 131th. Then interval is 4,69 score, also note that Germany (1st) is 6,39; for United States (8th) – 5,92; Turkey (62nd) – 3,92 and Kazakhstan (75th) – 3,49 scores; - skewness coefficient is 0,445, and this appropriate distribution of the infrastructure scores shift the mean significance to the right; - kurtosis coefficient is -0,795, and this appropriate distribution relatively normal distribution is the horizontally direction. жүктеу/скачать 28,25 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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