3. Efficiency enhancers
3.1 Higher education and training. Quality higher education and training is crucial for economies that want to move up the value chain beyond simple production processes and products (Schultz, 1961; Lucas, 1988; Becker, 1993; and Kremer, 1993).
Higher education and training scores misalignment arose from the inhomogeneity and heterogeneity of the following facts: no educated workers, who are unable to adapt rapidly to their changing environment, and also the extent of staff training. Indeed, based on analysis of data of the Global Competitiveness Report 2009-2010 we obtain the following:
- mean is 4,032 score, and this corresponds the Sri Lanka (4,01) ranked 79th;
- mode is 2,78 score, and this corresponds Cambodia ranked 110th; Malawi ranked 121st and Paraguay ranked 124th;
- maximum is 5,97 score, and this corresponds Finland ranked 6th;
- minimum is 2,23 score, and this corresponds Chad ranked 131st. Then interval is 3,74 score, also note that United States (7th) – 5,57; Germany (22nd) is 5,07; Kazakhstan (59th) – 4,13 and Turkey (73rd) – 3,88 scores;
- skewness coefficient is 0,160, and this appropriate distribution of the health and primary education scores shift the mean to the right;
- kurtosis coefficient is -0,775, and this appropriate distribution relatively normal distribution is the horizontally direction.
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