c) find the definitions for some other terms which you consider to be important for the topic “Engines”. Use the website www.macmillandictionaries.com GRAMMAR REVISION Exercise 8. Read the sentences, point out the Passive Voice. Give the Russian equivalents. If you have some difficulties, use the grammar reference at the end of the book. 1. Different internal-combustion engines are created by engineers.
2. A petrol engine has traditionally been used in light passenger vehicles.
3. The power of the engine is being transmitted through transmission and drive
lines to the drive wheels. 4. Most modern cars are built with the integral chassis
frame and body. 5. The internal-combustion engines are used in automobiles,
locomotives, marines, aircrafts, and others.
Exercise 9. Make up your own sentences with the Passive Voice according to the model. Model: In the 19th century engineers developed various forms of internal com- bustion engines. In the 19th century various forms of internal combus- tion engines were developed by engineers. 1. Étienne Lenoir created the first internal combustion engine in 1860.
2. Designers use engines in automobiles, locomotives, submarines, aircrafts,
and others. 3. We usually use gasoline, diesel oil or fuel oil in automobiles.
4. A single combustion process causes two power strokes at the same time.
5. The scientists have classified engines of two different cylinder arrangements
as W-type engines.
READING Exercise 10. Read the text, try to focus on its essential facts and choose the most suitable heading given below for each paragraph. 1) Engines Classification According to the Types of Ignition, Engine Cy-
cle, Valve Location, Cooling
2) Reciprocating Engines
3) Identification of a Given Engine
4) Rotary Engines
5) Spark-Ignition Engines
6) Invention and Development of the Internal Combustion Engine
7) Compression-Ignition Engines
8) Different Kinds of Fuel Used in Engines
