Е. В. Дмитриева
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●Прочитайте и переведите текст. WAVE ENERGY Wave energy can be considered as a concentrated form of solar energy. Winds are generated by the differential heating of the earth and, as they pass over open bodies of water, they transfer some of their energy to form waves. Energy is stored in waves as both potential energy (in the mass of water displaced from the mean sea level) and kinetic energy (in the motion of the water particles). The amount of energy transferred and hence the size of the resulting waves depends on the wind speed, the length of time for which the wind blows and the distance over which it blows. Power is concentrated at each stage in the transformation process, so that the original solar power levels of typically – 100 W/m 2 can be transformed into waves with power levels of over 1000 kW per meter of wave crest length. Wave energy converters extract energy from the sea and convert it to a more useful form, usually as fluid pressure or mechanical motion. This requires an interface where the force (or torque or pressure) of a wave causes relative motion between an absorber and a reaction point. There are over 1000 patents for very varied designs of wave energy converters. However, several comprehensive reviews of wave energy show that wave energy is mainly at the 27 R&D stage, with only a small range of devices having been tested or deployed in the oceans. Of these, the main types are: жүктеу/скачать 1,01 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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