Эпоха бронзы, пустынно-степная зона, климат, аридизация, хозяйственная модель
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| lesostepi [The Archaeology of the Eastern European Steppe-
forest Zone] . Voronezh: Izdatel’stvo Voronezhskogo GU, pp. 47–54. (In Russ.) Borisov A.V., Mimokhod R.A., Demkin V.A. , 2011. Palaeosoils and natural conditions of the South Russian steppes in the post-Catacomb time. Kratkiye soobshcheniya instituta arkheologii [Brief communications of the Institute of Archaeology] , 225, pp. 144–154. (In Russ.) Bulatov V.E., 2000. The pattern of seasonal roaming of the Kalmycks in the 19 th century. Sezonnyy ekonomicheskiy tsikl naseleniya Severo-zapadnogo Prikaspiya v bronzovom veke [The Seasonal Economic Cycle of the Population of the Northwest Caspian Area in the Bronze Age] . Moscow: GIM, pp. 131–142. (Trudy GIM, 120). (In Russ.) Demkin V.A. , 1997. Pochvovedenie i arkheologiya [Pedology and Archaeology]. Pushchino: Otdel nauchno-tekhnicheskoy informatsii Nauchnogo tsentra biologicheskikh issledovaniy AN SSSR. 213 p. Demkin V.A., Borisov A.V., Demkina T.S., Khomutova T.E., Zolotareva B.N., Kashirskaya N.N., Udal’tsov S.N., El’tsov M.V. , 2010. Volgo-Donskie stepi v drevnosti i srednevekov’e (po materialam pochvenno- arkheologicheskikh issledovaniy) [The Volga-Don Steppes in Antiquity and the Middle Ages from Pedological-archaeological Investigations]. Pushchino: SYNCHROBOOK. 120 p. Demkin V.A., Demkina T.S., Borisova M.A., Shishlina N.I. , 2002. Palaeosoils and environment of Southern Ergeni steppes in the late 4 th – 3 rd millennium BC. Pochvovedenie [Pedology] , 6, pp. 343–352. (In Russ.) Keywords : Bronze Age, desert-steppe zone, climate, aridity, economic pattern. culture based on small cattle, sheep and goat keeping evolved. The reverse process, i.e. the decrease of the winter anticyclone in the 18 th -17 th centuries BC, led to the increase of precipitation, frequent snow- storms, ice-covered grass, the formation of ice crust and the thickening of the snow layer. In such con- ditions the number of days suitable for grazing decreases and consequently the livestock is subject to weakening and sicknesses which may bring about its total loss. It seems likely that this was the reason of a gradual deterioration of post-Catacomb cultures of the desert-steppe zone. On the whole, the well- known gaps in the desert steppe exploitation in the Bronze Age correlated with the optimization of nat- ural conditions while the period of the increasing climate aridity saw the heyday of early pastoralism. РОССИЙСКАЯ АРХЕОЛОГИЯ № 2 2017 74 БОРИСОВ, МИМОХОД Dergachev V.A., Bochkarev V.S. , 2002. Metallicheskie serpy pozdney bronzy Vostochnoy Evropy [Metal Sickles of Eastern Europe in the Late Bronze Age]. Kishinev: Vysshaya antropologicheskaya shkola. 347 p. Gak E.I., Kalmykov A.A., Mimokhod R.A. , 2008. Antimony ornaments in the burials of the Lola Culture in the northwest of the steppe Stavropol area. Otrazhenie tsivilizatsionnykh protsessov v arkheologicheskikh kul’turakh Severnogo Kavkaza i sopredel’nykh territoriy: Yubileynye XXV “Krupnovskie chteniya” po arkheologii Severnogo Kavkaza [The Reflection of the Civilizational Processes in Archaeological Cultures of the North Caucasus and the Adjacent Territories: The Jubelee 25th ‘Krupnov Readings’ on the Archaeology of the North Caucasus] . Vladikavkaz: Izdatel’sko-poligraficheskiy tsentr Severo- osetinskogo instituta gumanitarnykh i sotsial’nykh issledovaniy imeni V.I. Abaeva, pp. 119–123. (In Russ.) жүктеу/скачать 387,69 Kb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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