Лекции по теоретической грамматике английского языка для студентов
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лекция по грамматиае
| felicity conditions
. Here are some examples from different spheres of human activity, where performatives are found at work. These are loose categories, and many performatives belong to more than one of them: Universities and schools : conferring of degrees, rusticating or excluding students The church : baptizing, confirming and marrying, exorcism, commination (cursing) and Excommunication Governance and civic life : crowning of monarchs, dissolution of Parliament, passing legislation, awarding honours, ennobling or decorating The law : enacting or enforcing of various judgements, passing sentence, swearing oaths and plighting one’s troth The armed services : signing on, giving an order to attack, retreat or open fire Sport : cautioning or sending off players, giving players out, appealing for a dismissal or declaring (closing an innings) in cricket Business : hiring and firing, establishing a verbal contract, naming a ship Gaming : placing a bet, raising the stakes in poker 120 In these expressions, the action that the sentence describes (nominating, sentencing, promising) is performed by the sentence itself; the speech is the act it effects (unlike in so-called constantives that only carry a piece of information). In contrast, perlocutionary speech acts cause actions that are not the same as the speech. жүктеу/скачать 0,5 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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