118
Commissives
– here the speaker commits himself (or herself) to a (future)
course of action, with verbs such as:
guarantee, pledge, promise, swear, vow,
undertake.
Expressives
– the speaker expresses an attitude to or about a state of affairs,
using such verbs as:
apologize, appreciate, congratulate, deplore, detest, regret,
thank, welcome.
Declarations
– the speaker alters the external status or condition of an
object or situation, solely by making the utterance:
I now pronounce you man and
wife, I sentence you to be hanged by the neck until you be dead, I name this ship...
Other scholars identify more pragmatic types of sentences. They include
constatives, promisives, menacives, requestives, injunctives, offertives,
permissives, prohibitives, and quesitives.
Constatives
are statements about something. They are always assertions,
never questions or inducements.
e.g. This is my cat.
Promisives
are sentences containing a promise. Just like constatives, they
are always declarative.
e.g. We’ll get you a new book.
The same is true for
Достарыңызбен бөлісу: 
