Лекции по теоретической грамматике английского языка для студентов
the classification based on the internal structure of
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лекция по грамматиае
| the classification based on the internal structure of
phrases , two groups can be singled out: kernel phrases and kernel-free phrases. Kernel phrases are grammatically organized structures in which one element dominates the others. This element is not subordinated to any other element within the group, therefore it is the leading element, that is, the kernel of the given phrase (for example, a nice place, well-known artists, absolutely positive, to run fast, to see a movie, to taste good ). According to the direction of dependencies, that is, the position of the dominating and subordinated elements relative of each other, all kernel phrases are divided into regressive and progressive (with the left and right position of dependent elements respectively). Further types of regressive and progressive kernel phrases can be singled out according to what part of speech the head word belongs. The following types are differentiated: Regressive: − substantive (a good girl), − adjectival (absolutely clear), − verbal (to fully understand), − adverbial (very quickly). Progressive: - substantive (a feeling of comfort), - adjectival (independent of your decision), - verbal (to read a book), - prepositional (on the wall). Kernel-free phrases are divided into dependent and independent, which are further subdivided into one-class and hetero-class and characterized by a certain type of syntactic connection. Three types of syntactic connections can be singled out: coordination, subordination and accumulation. Coordination: coordinate phrases consist of two or more syntactically equivalent units joined in a cluster which functions as a single unit. The member units can be potentially joined together by means of a coordinate conjunction. Subordination: subordinate phrases are structures in which one of the members is syntactically the leading element of the phrase. This dominating element is called the head-word, or the kernel, and can be expressed by different жүктеу/скачать 0,5 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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