Мележик К. Н. Неличные формы глагола indd
The Subjective Infinitive Construction
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| 3. The Subjective Infinitive Construction
The Subjective Infinitive Construction (traditionally called the Nominative-with-the-Infinitive Construction or Complex Subject)) is a construction in which the infinitive is in predicate relation to a noun in the common case or a pronoun in the nominative case. The peculiarity of this construction is that it does not serve as one part of the sentence: one of its component parts has the function of the subject, the other forms part of a compound verbal predicate. The sentence with the Subjective Infinitive Construction after verbs in the Passive Voice are mostly translated by a complex sentence: its principal clause is of the type which in Russian syntax is called ‘indefinite personal’. The Subjective Infinitive Construction is used after: a) The verbs of sense perception: to see, to hear, etc. These verbs are used in the Passive Voice.
was seen to disappear in the distance. Видно было, как всадник скрылся вдали. If a process is expressed Participle I Indefinite Active is used. Tess’s father was heard approaching at that moment (Hardy). В этот момент они услышали,
. b) The verbs denoting mental activity: to think, to consider, to know, to expect, to believe, etc. The people of all ancient civilizations are known to have made
maps. Известно, что люди всех древних цивилизаций составляли
карты. c) The verbs denoting statement, supposition, reporting, etc.: to report, to suppose, to prove, to turn out, to appear, to say, to seem; after
the constructions: to be (un)likely – вероятно, маловероятно, вряд ли to be certain, to be sure – обязательно, наверняка. Sentences of this kind are rendered in Russian by a simple sentence with a modal word.
the difference between: He is sure to come.
Он обязательно
придет
. He is sure of coming.
Он уверен, что придет. |