Перевод профессионально
Part 1 Theoretical Aspects of Translation
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Uchebnoe.posobie.po.tehnicheskomu.perevodu
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Theoretical Aspects of Translation of Texts for Special Purposes 1.1. Peculiarities of Translation of Texts on Science and Technology Nowadays nearly 70 per cent of translators work with scientific and technical texts. Translation of such kind of literature is wide-spread and highly demanded. For this reason, an in-depth theoretical study of the specific features of scientific and technical translation is an urgent problem of translation theory. The materials which belong to different fields of knowledge and practice, science and technology are the object of special translation. The peculiarity of these materials is the exact expression of thought, which is achieved by the broad usage of terms. The main types of special translation are as follows: scientific, technical, military, legal, and economic translation. In translation of scientific and technical texts the main task is to identify the idea or situation described in the original. The translator should understand the context in order to translate properly. The predominance of the referential function is a great challenge to the translator who must have a good command of scientific and technical terms and a sufficient understanding of the subject matter to be able to give an adequate description of the situation even if this is not fully achieved in the original. The translator is also expected to be aware of and follow the stylistic requirements of scientific and technical materials to make text acceptable to the specialist. It is appreciated when translators are aware of the peculiarities of the sphere in which they work. To translate scientific and technical texts 6 properly, it is necessary to read scientific and technical literature not only in the source language, but also in the target language. Nowadays a person can‟t master all the information accumulated in science and technology that have become complicated and developed. That is why translators who work with scientific and technical texts have to specialize in one or two fields of production, study regularly the special literature, be aware of the novelties in this sphere and use the experience of specialists and highly qualified translators. The texts of science and technology have specific lexical means known only to the engineers and scientists working in the particular sphere. On the other hand, engineers who do translations sometimes do not have a good command of foreign languages. Consequently, translation should be done by a professional translator, and then it should be checked by a specialist in a corresponding field of science or technology. The translation of special literature should conform to the standards in the target language. In this genre of translation there can‟t be any change of the fact of the source text. In the process of the phrase translation it is important to render a thought as clearly and exactly as possible. Consequently, the sense of the whole may not change if a translator divides a sentence into parts, replaces its parts, or joins parts. The peculiarity of written scientific speech is that texts may contain not only verbal information, but also different formulae, symbols, tables, diagrams. It is mainly typical of the texts of such sciences as mathematics, physics, chemistry, etc. Any scientific text may contain graphic information. Translating headings in drawings the latter should be redrawn and headings should be written in Russian on the copy. It is also important to point out that translation should be laconic. Descriptions of machines, equipment, instruments or processes of production should be illustrated in translation.
7 All the English and American measures should be transformed into metric equivalents. жүктеу/скачать 0,86 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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