Студенттер мен жас ғалымдардың «фараби әлемі» атты халықаралық ғылыми конференциясы
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Сборник конф Фараби Әлемі 2023 химфак-печать
| SODIUM-ION BATTERY
Zhanamanova U. Supervisor: PhD Ospanova G. Suleyman Demirel University, 2023 210310009@stu.sdu.edu.kz The majority of everyday devices use lithium-ion batteries. Rare metals, such as cobalt and lithium, are used in their production, which affects the manufacturing price significantly. According to the researchers, lithium can be replaced by sodium, which will significantly reduce production costs. Furthermore, sodium batteries charge much faster, and discharging the battery "to zero" has no negative effects. Sodium-ion batteries (NIB or SIB) are rechargeable batteries that use sodium ions (Na+) as charge carriers. SIB cells are made up of a sodium-containing cathode, an anode (which is not always sodium-based), and a liquid electrolyte containing dissociated sodium salts in polar protic or aprotic solvents. Sodium ions move from the cathode to the anode during charging, while electrons travel through the external circuit. The reverse process occurs during discharge. SIBs sparked academic and commercial interest in the 2010s and 2020s, owing to the uneven geographic distribution, high environmental impact, and high cost of many materials used in lithium-ion batteries. The most important of these are lithium, cobalt, copper, and nickel, which are not strictly necessary for many types of sodium-ion batteries. As of 2022, sodium-ion batteries had not yet become commercially viable, but this may change as CATL, the world's largest battery manufacturer, announced that mass production of SIBs would begin in 2023. A report on battery storage technologies published by the US Energy Information Administration makes no mention of the technology. However, the work has so far been unsuccessful because sodium quickly forms thin metal structures on the electrode - the socalled "dendrites," resulting in a short service life of such batteries. Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin solved this problem using a computer model to create a new material that prevents the formation of dendrites and, as a result, prevents electrode damage. It was created by depositing a thin layer of sodium on antimony telluride and repeatedly folding it, resulting in alternating layers. As a result, sodium is distributed very evenly, and dendrites form much more slowly and infrequently on it. This allows for the development of a sodium battery with the same number of charge and discharge cycles as a lithium battery and a comparable energy density. Proper experimentation and research will yield the desired results. Sodium batteries could be the industry's future. жүктеу/скачать 2,6 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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