Методическое пособие по английскому языку для студентов 4 курса, обучающихся по программе бакалавриата

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Дата	01.10.2023
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түрі	Методическое пособие

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пособие для 4 курса
ашық сабақ Ежелгі Египет әә

Moreover/Furthermore
C Qualifying: limiting and specifying an argument
To what extent
Apart from
Nevertheless/Nonetheless

B Adding points to an argument
Bad diet and high stress levels, as well as lack of exercise, are key factors in causing heart disease; on top of which there is smoking, which is one of the most damaging factors. In addition to the questionnaire, we also conducted interviews with some of the subjects. A further argument in support of raising the retirement age is that life expectancy is increasing. Moreover/Furthermore¹, many people enjoy working; for example / for instance²in a recent survey, 68% of people said they would like to work till they were at least 70.
¹ moreover is much more frequently used in academic style than furthermore ² for example is much more frequently used in academic style than for instance

C Qualifying: limiting and specifying an argument
Dr O'Malley is leading a class discussion on human rights.

O'Malley:	OK. 'Human rights are rights which you possess simply because you are human.' To what extent can we say that? What are the pros and cons¹ of this view?
Anna:	Well, I think it's too simplistic, in the sense that² it ignores the rights of victims and everyone else's right to life. So, provided that we remember this, then we can give people basic rights, albeit³ with limitations.
Kirsten:	Mm, that's all very well, but⁴ if you say human rights depend on, say, government decisions about national security, then they're no longer rights, are they? They become privileges. Having said that⁵, it's a complex issue with no simple answer. Even so, I still think we must be careful not to give our rights away.
O'Malley:	OK. Fine. Apart from victim's rights, are there other arguments for restricting rights? I mean we could look at protecting property, ending a chronically sick person's life, and so on / and so forth⁶. Let's talk about the degree/extent to which these are relevant.
Ricardo:	Every sick person has the right to life, but at the same time we should be free to decide when we want to die.
O'Malley:	Well, a lot of sick people can't make that decision for themselves, despite the fact that we may respect their right to a dignified death.
Ricardo:	Hmm. Nevertheless/Nonetheless⁷, I think it's a key issue.

1 (slightly informal) advantages and disadvantages 2 used to explain precisely what has just been said 3 (formal) although 4 (informal, typical of spoken contexts) indicates a partial agreement, followed by a disagreement 5 (typical of spoken contexts) said when you wish to add a point which contrasts with what has just been said 6 (typical of spoken contexts) can be used separately or together {and so on and so forth); can also be et cetera (more common in writing - etc.) 7 however; nevertheless is more frequent in academic style than nonetheless

Exercises

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