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ГРАММАТИКА
УПОТРЕБЛЕНИЕ PRESENT SIMPLE И PAST SIMPLE
Если простое настоящее время (Present Simple) используется для рассказа о событиях, которые обычно происходят, то простое прошедшее время(Past Simple) повествует о событиях, которые произошли в некий определённый момент в прошлом.
LAST WEEK
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Monday
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Tuesday
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Wednesday
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Thursday
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Friday
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Saturday
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Sunday
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7:00
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She got
up
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She got
up
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She got
up
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She got
up
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She got
up
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She
slept
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She
slept
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8:00
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She
brushed
her
teeth,
had a
shower
and got
dressed.
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She
brushed
her
teeth,
had a
shower
and got
dressed.
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She
brushed
her
teeth,
had a
shower
and got
dressed.
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She
brushed
her
teeth,
had a
shower
and got
dressed.
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She
brushed
her
teeth,
had a
shower
and got
dressed.
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She
slept
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She
slept
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9:00
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She had
breakfast.
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She had
breakfast.
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She had
breakfast.
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She had
breakfast.
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She had
breakfast.
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She got
up.
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She got
up.
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10:00
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She
went
to her
work.
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She
went
to her
work.
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She
went
to her
work.
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She
went
to her
work.
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She
went
to her
work.
|
She
brushed
her
teeth,
had a
shower
and got
dressed
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She
brushed
her
teeth,
had a
shower
and got
dressed
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11:00
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She
worked
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She
worked
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She
worked
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She
worked
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She
worked
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She had
breakfast
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She had
breakfast
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12:00
|
She
worked
|
She
worked
|
She
worked
|
She
worked
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She
worked
|
She met
friends
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She read
books
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13:00
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She had
lunch
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She had
lunch
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She had
lunch
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She had
lunch
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She had
lunch
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She
went for
a walk
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She had
free
time
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14:00
|
She
worked
|
She
worked
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She
worked
|
She
worked
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She
worked
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She had
lunch
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She had
lunch
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15:00
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She
worked
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She
worked
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She
worked
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She
worked
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She
worked
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She
went to
the movies.
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She
went to
the theatre
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16:00
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She
worked
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She
worked
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She
worked
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She
worked
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She
worked
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She watched
the film
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She watched
the show
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17:00
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She
worked
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She
worked
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She
worked
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She
worked
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She
worked
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She listened
to the news.
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She played
computer
games.
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18:00
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She went to
her yoga
class.
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She went to
her guitar lesson.
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She went
to her dance
class.
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She
went to
her yoga
class.
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She
went to
her guitar lesson.
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She
cleaned
her flat.
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She made
plans for the
future.
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19:00
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She came
home.
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She came
home.
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She came
home.
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She came
home.
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She came
home.
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She had
free time.
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She listened to
the music.
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20:00
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She had
dinner.
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She had
dinner.
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She had
dinner.
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She had
dinner.
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She had
dinner.
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She had
dinner.
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She had
dinner.
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21:00
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She had a shower and
brushed her
teeth.
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She had a shower and
brushed her
teeth.
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She had a shower and
brushed her
teeth.
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She had a shower and
brushed her
teeth.
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She had a shower and
brushed her
teeth.
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She
watched
TV.
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She
played
cards
with her
friends.
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22:00
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She went to
bed.
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She went to
bed.
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She went to
bed.
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She went to bed.
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She went to bed.
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She had
a shower
and brushed
her teeth.
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She had
a shower
and brushed
her teeth.
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23:00
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She slept
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She slept
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She slept
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She slept
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She slept
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She went to
bed.
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She went to
bed.
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УПРАЖНЕНИЕ
Напишите, что делал ваш друг (или подруга) каждый день в течение прошлой недели:
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Monday
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Tuesday
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Wednesday
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Thursday
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Friday
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Saturday
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Sunday
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7:00
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8:00
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9:00
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10:00
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11:00
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12:00
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13:00
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14:00
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15:00
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16:00
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17:00
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18:00
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19:00
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20:00
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21:00
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22:00
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23:00
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КОНСТРУКЦИЯ USED TO
Конструкция used to используется для обозначения действий, которые выполнялись в прошлом, но больше не выполняются в настоящем, то есть на данный момент они уже неактуальны. После used to глагол стоит в начальной форме:
My father used to play chess with me. —
Раньше мой отец играл со мной в шахматы.
My grandfather did not use to play with me. —
Раньше мой дед не играл со мной.
Did your parents use to take you to the zoo? —
Твои родители водили тебя в зоопарк?
УПРАЖНЕНИЕ
Напишите, чем раньше занимался человек, взяв за основу деятельность, указанную в таблице выше.
Модель:
She used to go to her yoga class.
1. She used to _____________________________.
2. She used to _____________________________.
3. She used to _____________________________.
4. She used to _____________________________.
5. She used to _____________________________.
6. She used to _____________________________.
7. She used to _____________________________.
8. She used to _____________________________.
9. She used to _____________________________.
10. She used to _____________________________.
ШОПИНГ = SHOPPING
Посмотрите на примеры распространённых диалогов, которые могут происходить в магазинах:
— May I help you?
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— Могу я вам помочь?
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— Yes, I’m looking for a blouse. I really must buy some new clothes.
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— Да, я ищу блузку. Мне очень
нужно купить новую одежду.
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— What’s your size?
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— Какой у вас размер?
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— I wear size XL.
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— Я ношу размер XL.
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— What colour do you want?
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— Какой цвет вы хотите?
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— Pink. This pink blouse looks nice.
I’d like to try it on.
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— Розовый. Эта розовая блузка выглядит хорошо. Я хотела бы её примерить.
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— The fitting room is to your right.
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— Примерочная от вас направо.
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— I think this blouse is all right.
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— Думаю, что блузка сидит хорошо.
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— Very well, ma’am.
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— Очень хорошо, мадам.
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— And this jacket — can I try this
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— А эта куртка… Я могу её примерить?
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— Sure. No, that’s definitely not for you. That’s the one.
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— Конечно. Нет, это определённо не для вас. Лучше вот эта.
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— Yes?
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— Да?
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— Yes, definitely.
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— Да, точно.
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— But I’m not sure if it matches the
rest of my outfit.
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— Но я не уверена, подходит ли она ко всей остальной моей одежде.
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— Perhaps you’re right; maybe you
should get it in a different colour.
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— Возможно, вы правы; вам надо
взять блузку другого цвета.
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— No, I like the colour and the style
suits me. Right. I’ll take this one.
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— Нет, мне нравится цвет, и фасон мне идёт. Хорошо. Я возьму вот эту.
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— OK. It’s beautiful. How would you
like to pay — cheque, cash or
credit card?
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— Хорошо. Она очень красивая. Как
вы будете платить: чеком,
наличными или кредитной
карточкой?
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— Credit card, please. But I don’t think I can afford it.
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— Кредитной карточкой. Но я не уверена, что могу позволить себе купить её.
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— We have a layaway plan if you’re
interested. We’ll hold the item for
you for up to 14 days.
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— Вы можете заплатить не
всё сразу, если хотите. Мы
придержим её для вас на две
недели.
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— That would be wonderful!
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— Это было бы прекрасно!
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2
— Do you have the shopping list?
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— У тебя есть список покупок?
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— Yes it’s in my pocket. I’ll get a cart.
We’ll shop together.
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— Да, он у меня в кармане. Я возьму
тележку. Мы будем покупать вместе.
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— Yes, what a good idea! First, we need
some cakes
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— Да, это хорошая мысль! Во-первых, нам нужны пирожные.
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— It makes sense to buy a big box.
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— Имеет смысл покупать большую коробку.
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— We’ll need a lorry to bring all that
home!
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— Нам понадобится грузовик, чтоб
привезти всё это домой!
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— Not at all. You’ve to read not only
the price for the item but also the
price for it by weight and volume.
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— Вовсе нет. Надо обращать
внимание не только на цену
расфасованного продукта, но
также на цену товара по весу и
объёму.
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— How come?
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— Почему?
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— It’s cheaper to buy big sizes, especially for staples that are used for a longer period of time.
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— Дешевле покупать в более крупной расфасовке,
особенно если эти товары предназначены для длительного пользования.
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— I’m awfully helpless. I’ll keep it in mind.
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— Я ужасно беспомощна. Я запомню это.
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— What’s the next on the shopping list?
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— Что там идёт дальше по списку?
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— There are a lot of things we need, as a matter of fact
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— Собственно, нам нужно массу вещей.
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— Let me see... We need some bread.
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— Дай-ка, посмотрю… Нам нужен хлеб.
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— There are a lot of various brands of them.
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—Тут столько разных сортов!
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— The store’s own brand is the least expensive one.
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— Самый дешёвый тот, на котором стоит марка магазина.
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— Oh, really?
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— О, неужели?
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— Yes. The quality is the same, but it’s a bit cheaper.
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— Да. Качество такое же, но цена немного ниже.
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— Do big supermarkets have their own
brands of other things?
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— Большие супермаркеты производят и другие продукты своей собственной марки?
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— Yes. Always look for the store’s own brands. They are cheaper.
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— Да. Всегда выбирай товары, на которых стоит марка магазина. Они дешевле.
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— Thank you for your valuable information.
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— Спасибо за ценную информацию.
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