Учебное пособие Казань-2016 Сайфуллина М. Н., Хабирова Н. М. English for Physicists

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Posobie dlya fizikov Habirova Sajfullina ispravv

Relationship between induced emf and flux . Faraday`s experiment

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In 1831 Michael Faraday, an English physicist, gave one of the most
basic laws of electromagnetism called Faraday's law of electromagnetic
induction. This law explains the working principle of most of the electrical
motors, generators, electrical transformers and inductors. This law shows
the relationship between electric circuit and magnetic field. Faraday
performs an experiment with a magnet and coil. During this experiment, he
found how emf is induced in the coil when flux linked with it changes. He
has also done experiments in electro-chemistry and electrolysis.
Relationship between induced emf and flux
.
Faraday`s experiment
In this experiment, Faraday takes a magnet and a coil and connects a
galvanometer across the coil. At starting, the magnet is at rest, so there is no
deflection in the galvanometer i.e. needle of galvanometer is at the center or
zero position. When the magnet is moved towards the coil, the needle of
galvanometer deflects in one direction. When the magnet is held stationary
at that position, the needle of galvanometer returns back to zero position.
Now when the magnet is moved away from the coil, there is some

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deflection in the needle but in opposite direction and again when the magnet
becomes stationary, at that point with respect to coil, the needle of the
galvanometer returns back to the zero position. Similarly, if magnet is held
stationary and the coil is moved away and towards the magnet, the
galvanometer shows deflection in similar manner. It is also seen that, the
faster the change in the magnetic field, the greater will be the induced emf
or voltage in the coil.

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