Exercise 10. Match the synonyms:
to increase
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stop, interruption
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exertion
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quickly
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rapidly
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to connect with
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to perform
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oedema
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to associate
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to enhance
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swallowing
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to recognize
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uptake
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to execute
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to identify
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admittance
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admission
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ingestion
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cessation
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physical efforts
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Exercise 11. What symptoms are common for the heart diseases? The suggestions on the right may help you to answer. Make sentences of your own:
Diseases
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Symptoms
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Arrhythmia
Angina pectoris
Cardiac insufficiency
Aneurism
Congenital heart disease
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nausea and vomiting
palpitation
dizziness
pain in the chest
breathlessness
pulmonary oedema
panic and fear of death
bluish skin
attacks of pain, especially after exertion
pain in the neck, throat and arms
sweating
skin pallor
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Exercise 12. Arrange the following sentences according to the following two columns:
Calcium channel blockers and/or beta-blockers;
Lifestyle changes;
Nitroglycerin;
ACE inhibitors, which treat hypertension and may lower the risk of recurrent myocardial infarction;
Medical treatment - drugs (e.g. cholesterol lowering medications, beta-blockers, nitroglycerin, calcium antagonists, etc.);
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG);
Statins, which reduce cholesterol, reduce risk of coronary disease;
Coronary interventions as angioplasty and coronary stent
Exercise 13. Fill in the gaps with the correct word:
The principal cause of the ischemic heart disease is the reduction of the ………… of blood which the arteries provide for the heart to function at normal parameters. (amount / size)
The ischemia starts by some fatty ……….. built up in the cells of the wall which surrounds the coronary arteries (the main source of blood for the heart). (deposits / lipids)
The fat grows step by step into large twigs of the coronary arteries, process called ………… which brings about the narrowing of the coronary arteries which supply the heart muscle. (atherosclerosis / stroke)
A heart attack ………….. when the blood vessels are completely closed. Ischemia refers to an insufficient amount of blood. (feels / occurs)
At the beginning the coronary arteries or even their branches are becoming ………… or they are closed because of the debris flowed into the blood, which is referred to as an angina. (thick / narrow)
………… ischemia is very concerning in patients with diabetes because due to without any warning signs patients don't consult the doctor. (loud / silent)
Ischemic heart disease doesn't have exact known causes, but there are certain ………….. that must be taken into consideration as for example age, heredity, smoking, diabetes or obesity. (risk factors / risk events)
The lethal symptom of ischemic heart disease is sudden death also known as massive heart attack and it is caused by an abnormal heart ………….. , ventricular fibrillation that prevents the heart from contracting and pumping oxygenated blood to the brain and vital organs. (rhythm / stage)
Exercise 14. Fill in the gaps with correct prepositions:
of, throughout, up, about, at, in, for, by
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When there is a reduction………..blood flow to the heart of a person, then it may be a sign…………ischemic heart disease which is, in fact, a major health concern……….much……….the western world.
In any person, regardless of diet or native land, it is natural plaque to build ………… along the walls of arteries.
For some, this never becomes an issue and they lead a normal life …….. average length.
However, ………. some, there can be a resulting problem which is called arteriosclerosis.
The one good thing ……… ischemic heart disease is that the medical field knows what the cause is, which means something can be done to avoid the problem.
There are simple things that those ……… risk of or who have ischemic heart disease can do: stop consuming high saturated fat foods, avoid smoking, and exercise regularly.
……….. other words, leading a healthy lifestyle can help you avoid heart disease.
Foods high ……… saturated fats will cause more the plaque your system that builds up on the walls of arteries.
………. avoiding these foods as much as possible, you are a avoiding the material that is used to block arteries.
Secondly, exercise will make your heart more efficient and allow your body to consume the fats you do take .
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