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Hydrides

• H- ion very strong base/reducing agent e.g.
• 2KH(s) + 2H2O(l) H2(g) + 2KOH(aq)

• Reaction with sodium hydride produces the metal from
• many metal oxides e.g.
• CuO + NaH Cu + NaOH

• Lithium aluminium hydride (LiAlH4) and sodium
• tetrahydroborate (NaBH4) used in organic chemistry
• when strong reducing agents required

Types of bonding in hydrides

• Electrical conductivity
• when molten

• Na

• Li

• Mg

• Be

• Al

• B

• C

• N

• O

• F

• Si

• P

• S

• Cl

• ionic lattice

• ionic/covalent

• polymeric

• covalent molecular

• good

• non-conductors

• poor

‘Reaction’ of hydrides with water

• Na

• Li

• Mg

• Be

• Al

• B

• C

• N

• O

• F

• Si

• P

• S

• Cl

• forms hydroxide and hydrogen

• insoluble

• soluble

• forms hydroxide

Acid/base character of hydrides

• Na

• Li

• Mg

• Be

• Al

• B

• C

• N

• O

• F

• Si

• P

• S

• Cl

• strongly alkaline

• alkaline

• strongly acidic

• neutral

• weakly alkaline

• weakly acidic

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