Маслова А. М., Вайнштейн И., Плебейская ji. С
psychology [sai'kobd3i], process
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Английския язык для студентов-медиков
- Бұл бет үшін навигация:
- phenomenon [fi
- Киеве. жил
- lived
| psychology [sai'kobd3i], process ['prouses], absorption [ab'soipjn], diffusion [di'f]u:3n], phenomenon [fi'nominan] (pi phenomena [П'пэтшэ])
Выучите следующие слова и словосочетания: observe [ab'zaiv] v наблюдать за; изучать, следить investigate [in'vestigeit] о исследовать isolate ['aisaleit] v отделять, изолировать; выделять combine [kam'bain] v соединять; объединять able ['eibl] а способный, умелый; to be able быть в состоянии, мочь conclusion [кэп'к1и:зп] п вывод, заключение; to draw a conclusion сделать вывод accomplish [a'komplij] v выполнять; заканчивать; завершать exchange [iks'tfeind3] п обмен; v обменивать(ся) due [dju:] а обусловленный, должный, надлежащий, соответствующий; due toргр вследствие; благодаря, из-за, в связи с; в результате; to be due to обуславливаться solution [sa'l u:Jn] n раствор; растворение salt [so:lt] n соль prove [pru:v] у доказывать; доказать; оказаться transfer ['traensfa:] n перенос; передача; [traens'fa:] v переводить, перемещать enable [I'neibl] v давать возможность (право) Прочтите и переведите следующие слова и словосочетания: prove [pru:v]: to prove facts, to prove to smb that, he proved that he was right, he was able to prove that; conclusion [кэп'к1и:зп]: a right conclusion, in conclusion, to come to the conclusion that..., to draw a conclusion; accomplish [a'komplij]: accomplishment, to accomplish the observation, the accomplishment of the respiratory process; due [dju:] to: due to his illness, due to a high temperature, in due time, his bad condition was due to a high blood pressure; investigate [in'vestigeit]: investigation, to accomplish the investigation, the investigation of the blood cells Переведите следующие предложения, определите времена сказуемых: 1. The patient had restored his health by the end of September. 2. He had slept well before the surgeon came. 3. The male patient had had the grippe before he was admitted to the clinic. 4. The doctor had observed an unusual case of a mitral valve disease before he reported on it at the conference. Прочтите предложения, обращая внимание на перевод придаточных дополнительных предложений. Сопоставьте времена сказуемых главного и придаточных предложений. Ответьте на вопросы: живет в Киеве. жил в Киеве. he lived in Kiev, he had lived in Kiev, he would live in Kiev. Он сказал, что ■ будет жить в Киеве. 1. В чем заключается правило согласования времен? 2. Каким временем в дополнительном придаточном предложении выражается: а) одновременность действия и каким временем она переводится на русский язык? б) действие, предшествующее действию главного предложения? в) действие, которое произойдет в будущем? (см. стр....) * Выберите предложения, в которых действия главного и придаточного происходят одновременно. Переведите эти предложения: 1. The scientists determined that the rate of heartbeat increased because of different emotions. 2. The doctor said that he had examined the patient a day before. 3. The surgeon considered that the operation would be successful. 4. It was estimated that blood was a fluid tissue. От следующих глаголов образуйте существительные при помощи суффиксов a) '-ion(-ation)', б) '-ment' и переведите эти существительные (письменно): a) investigate, observe, combine, complete, isolate, found, conclude 6) accomplish, achieve, measure, establish, state, appoint Выучите следующие словосочетания, обращая внимание на предлоги: to be due to, to come to the conclusion, to prove to, in conclusion, due to, to report on smth; on the basis of smth, to work on the problem 1. Прочтите текст A. 2. Найдите: а) слова, имеющие сходное звучание с русскими, и переведите предложения с этими словами; б) предложения в Past Perfect Active и переведите их; скажите, что вы узнали из 4-го абзаца о процессе дыхания, а из 5-го — о газообмене. Text A. Sechenov and His Works on the Blood Gases I. M. Sechenov(1829-1905)wasaprominent Russian scientist, thefounder of Russian physiology and scientific psychology. The range of Sechenov's scientific interests and the number of his research works are really great. 106 scientific works were written by him. In these works he included the findings which he had observed and determined before. Some of his research works were connected with the investigation of the blood gases and their role in the respiratory process. I. M. Sechenov isolated the blood gases and found out that most of the blood gases were combined with erythrocytes. No physiologist had been able to do it before Sechenov. On the basis of his observations I. M. Sechenov came to the conclusion that hemoglobin was that substance of the blood which accomplished the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the respiratory process. Physiologists of many countries who had worked on this problem before Sechenov could not estimate the role of hemoglobin in the act of respiration. So the accomplishment of the respiratory process is due to hemoglobin. lf M. Sechenov investigated the process of absorption of carbon dioxide by the solutions of salts. When he had completed his investigations, he proved that only 2/3 of carbon dioxide were dissolved (растворяются) in plasma. The rest of carbon dioxide was combined with red blood cells. The transfer of carbon dioxide from the blood into the lungs was due to the law (закон) of diffusion of gas from fluid into the air. When Sechenov had investigated this phenomenon, he was able to answer the question why oxygen passed into the blood from atmospheric gases during the act of respiration. CLASS ASSIGNMENTS XII. Translate the following sentences. Explain the choice of tense forms while translating the predicates of the Object Clauses: 1. The doctor stated that the patient had pneumonia. 2. The surgeon considered that the patient would feel well in two or three days. 3. The professor found out that the patient had had tuberculosis two years before. 4. They came to the conclusion that the atmospheric pressure was an important factor for patients with cardiac diseases. 5. The researchers said that they had observed new phenomena. Translate the following sentences according to the model: No conclusions were drawn from this experiment. Никаких выводов не было сделано из этого опыта. What have you noticed while translating this model? 1. The doctor has observed no considerable changes in the lungs. 2, No difference exists between the substance of the bones of the lower and upper extremities. 3. The surgeon came to no exact conclusion after he had examined the patient. 4. No human being can exist without oxygen. Translate the following word combinations: the solution of salts, due to the transfer, due to the diffusion of gases, to accomplish the investigations, the accomplishment of this process, to come to the conclusion, to draw a conclusion, to investigate the phenomenon, to investigate the laws of diffusion Translate into English: 1. Выдающийся русский ученый И.М. Сеченов много работал над проблемой обмена газов в легких. 2. На основании многочисленных исследований ученые пришли к выводу, что циркулирующий объем крови зависит от изменений температуры воздуха. 3. Чем обусловлен переход углекислого газа из крови в легкие? 4. Ученый доказал своим коллегам (coworkers), что его выводы были правильными. 5. На заседании кафедры он доложил о результатах своих опытов. 6. Вследствие увеличения физической нагрузки частота сердечных сокращений обычно учащается (accelerate). Answer the questions according to the model: жүктеу/скачать 0,59 Mb. 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