Математическая грамотность. Минск: рикз, 2020. 252 с
жүктеу/скачать 7,1 Mb. Pdf көрінісі
|
2-ex pisa
| Growth phenomena
: Different types of linear and non-linear growth Geometric approximation : Approximating the attributes and properties of irregular or unfamiliar shapes and objects by breaking these shapes and objects up into more familiar shapes and objects for which there are formulae and tools. Computer simulations : Exploring situations (that may include budgeting, planning, population distribution, disease spread, experimental probability, reaction time modelling etc.) in terms of the variables and the impact that these have on the outcome. Conditional decision making : Using basic principles of combinatorics and an understanding of interrelationships between variables to interpret situations and make predictions. Functions : The concept of function, emphasising but not limited to linear functions, their properties, and a variety of descriptions and representations of them. Commonly used representations are verbal, symbolic, tabular and graphical. Algebraic expressions : Verbal interpretation of and manipulation with algebraic expressions, involving numbers, symbols, arithmetic operations, powers and simple roots. Equations and inequalities : Linear and related equations and inequalities, simple second- degree equations, and analytic and non-analytic solution methods. Co-ordinate systems : Representation and description of data, position and relationships. 192 Relationships within and among geometrical objects in two and three dimensions : Static relationships such as algebraic connections among elements of figures (e.g. the Pythagorean theorem as defining the relationship between the lengths of the sides of a right triangle), relative position, similarity and congruence, and dynamic relationships involving transformation and motion of objects, as well as correspondences between two- and three-dimensional objects. Measurement : Quantification of features of and among shapes and objects, such as angle measures, distance, length, perimeter, circumference, area and volume. Numbers and units : Concepts, representations of numbers and number systems (including converting between number systems), including properties of integer and rational numbers, as well as quantities and units referring to phenomena such as time, money, weight, temperature, distance, area and volume, and derived quantities and their numerical description. Arithmetic operations : The nature and properties of these operations and related notational conventions. Percents, ratios and proportions : Numerical description of relative magnitude and the application of proportions and proportional reasoning to solve problems. Counting principles : Simple combinations. Estimation : Purpose-driven approximation of quantities and numerical expressions, including significant digits and rounding. Data collection, representation and interpretation : Nature, genesis and collection of various types of data, and the different ways to analyse, represent and interpret them. Data variability and its description : Concepts such as variability, distribution and central tendency of data sets, and ways to describe and interpret these in quantitative and graphical terms. Samples and sampling : Concepts of sampling and sampling from data populations, including simple inferences based on properties of samples including accuracy and precision. Chance and probability : Notion of random events, random variation and its representation, chance and frequency of events, and basic aspects of the concept of probability and conditional probability. жүктеу/скачать 7,1 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
|