Методическая разработка по английскому языку для студентов факультета химии и химической технологии " Simple Chemistry" Алматы 2017
Unit 3 How to read chemical formulas, equations and symbols
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мет. разработка по химии
| Unit 3
How to read chemical formulas, equations and symbols Vocabulary an equation – уравнение a formula – формула a power – степень a degree – градус a sign – знак The figure before the compoud is a number of molecules we should read this way: 2МnО2 [ʹtu: ʹmᴐlɪkju:lz əvʹemʹenʹou ʹtu:] (OH)2 – [ou eitʃ tu taimz] Fe (II) – iron Roman two Н+ — hydrogen ion [ʹhaɪdrɪʤən ʹaɪən] or univalent positive hydrogen ion [ʹju:nɪˏveɪlənt ʹpᴐzətɪv ʹhaɪdrɪʤən ʹaɪən] Cu++ — divalent positive cuprum ion [ʹdaɪveɪlənt ʹpᴐzətɪv ʹkju:prəm ʹaɪən] Al+++ — trivalent positive aluminium ion [ʹtri:ˏveɪlənt ʹpᴐzətɪv ˏæljuʹmɪnjəm ʹaɪən] Сl- — negative chlorine ion [ʹnegətɪv ʹklᴐ:ʹri:n ʹaɪən] or negative univalent chlorine ion [ʹnegətɪv ʹju:nɪʹveɪlənt ʹklᴐ:ʹri:n ʹaɪən] Ca3+ — calcium plus three Ca3- — calcium three negative Sign — or : means bond and we don’t read it: Sign = means : : two bonds and we don’t read it either : Sign + we read like: plus, react with, if we have the plus on the both sides of equation, we read the plus on the second side as and. Sign = we read like: to give or to form Sign → we read: to give, to produce, to yield Sign ↔ we read as: forms или is formed from In the chemical equation in English we read the names of the compouds with the help of letters, for instance: 4HC1 + O2 = 2C12 + 2H2O [ʹfᴐ: ʹmᴐlɪkju:lz əv ʹeɪtʃ ʹsi: ʹel ʹplᴧs ʹou ʹtu: ʹgɪv ʹtu: ʹmᴐlɪkju:lz əv ʹsi: ʹel ʹtu: end ʹtu: ʹmᴐlɪkju:lz əv ʹeɪtʃ ʹtu: ʹou] Zn + CuSO4 = Cu + ZaSO4 [ʹzed ʹen ʹplᴧs ʹsi: ʹju: ʹes ʹou ʹfᴐ: ʹgɪv ʹsi: ʹju: ʹplᴧs ʹzed ʹen ʹes ʹou ʹfᴐ:] PC13 + 2C1 → PC15 [ʹpi: ʹsi: ʹel ʹθri: ʹplᴧs ʹtu: ʹmᴐlɪkju:lz əv ʹsi: ʹel ʹgiv ʹpi: ʹsi: ʹel ʹfaɪv] Also we can read chemical compounds in the equations using their names, for example: C + O CO – carbon plus oxygen yields carbon oxide Powers х2 – x squared, x square x3 – x cubed, x cube 5 3 – five to the third power, the third power of five, five cubed 5-4 – five to the minus fourth power, the minus power of five 52 – five to the second power, the second power of five, five squared The square root of four is two The square root out of four is (equals) two The cube root of twenty seven is three The fourth root of sixteen is two The square root of a The cube root of a The fifth root out of a square The fifth root out of a to the power seven, to the seventh power square root (out) of [ʹskwɛə ʼru:t (aut) ev] корень квадратный из cube root (out) of [ʹkju :b ʹru:t (aut) əv] корень кубический из n-th root (out) of [ʹenθʹru:t(aut) əv] корень n-й степени жүктеу/скачать 422,31 Kb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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