Present Continuous for future We use present continuous for future when talk about something which we planned and will do it for certain. In Russian this tense is translated as a future.
For example: Tomorrow I am visiting my friend who is at the hospital now. – Завтра я навещу своего друга, который сейчас лежит в больнице.
Vocabulary bond связь
equal равный
near-equal почти равный
sharing of electrons равное или почти равное распределите электронов
to share распределять, делиться
between между
bonded atoms связанные атомы
to make sense иметь смысл
to occur встречаться, происходить
difference in разница в
electronegativity электроотрицательность
to indicate указывать
covalent bond ковалентная связь
non-polar не полярный
polar полярный, дипольный
unequal не равный
when когда
typically обычно
a rule правило
ionic bond ионная связь
complete transfer полный перенос
to transfer переносить
at all совсем
to consist of состоять из
generally как правило
to create создавать
great большой
to attract притягивать
to take забирать
to attract the electrons enough притягивать достаточно электронов
to measure измерять
ammonia аммиак
to observe наблюдать
to turn black чернеть
impurity примесь
pressure давление
Ex. 1 Read and translate the text Bonds There are three types of bonds in chemistry. Non-polar covalent bonds occur when there is equal or near-equal sharing of electrons between the two bonded atoms. This makes sense because covalent bonds are the sharing of electrons between two atoms. Molecules such as Cl2, H2 and F2 are good examples. Typically, a difference in electronegativity between 0.0 and 0.4 indicates a non-polar covalent bond.
Polar covalent bonds occur when there is unequal sharing of the electrons between the atoms. Molecules such as NH3 and H2O are examples of this. The typical rule is that bonds with an electronegativity difference between 0.5 and 1.7 are polar bonds.
Ionic bonds occur when there is complete transfer of the electrons in the bond. This bond does not contain atoms at all, but consists of two ions. Substances such as NaCl and MgCl2 are examples. Generally, the differences in electronegativity which are equal to 1.8 or greater create ionic bonds. The difference in electronegativity is so great that one atom attracts enough electrons to "take" them from the other atom.