15 According to the text, a company that has an action-orientated approach to management is likely to A accept that some initiatives will be more successful than others.
В view staff in terms of their personal achievements.
С emphasise the importance of staff input into strategy.
D expect staff to work extra hours without remuneration.
16 Which of the following does the writer consider a disadvantage of action-orientated management? A It attracts people who are unreliable.
В It focuses too heavily on controversial issues.
С It gives out the wrong kind of message to new recruits.
D It makes a questionable assumption about human behaviour.
17 Unlike action-orientated companies, those who favour people-orientated management A keep a watchful eye on what their employees do.
В are unwilling to tolerate errors of judgement.
С are sensitive to individual differences.
D see indecision as a positive feature.
18 According to the text, which type of person may under-perform in a people-orientated company? A an intelligent person who lacks stimulation
В a new member of staff who is keen to learn new skills
С a new employee who is given a challenging role
D an individual who learns less quickly than others
19 In the writer's view, the system-orientated approach is A visionary.
В realistic.
С uninspiring.
D outdated.
20 In a system-orientated culture, employees are A encouraged to share ideas.
В not expected to criticise colleagues.
С trained to focus on self-improvement.
D not allowed to challenge company policy.
Part Four Questions 21-30 Read the article below about customer relationship management. Choose the correct word or phrase to fill each gap from А, В, С or D. For each question (21-30), mark one letter (А, В, С or D) There is an example at the beginning (0).
