Навчальний посібник для студентів ос «Бакалавр» галузі знань 03 «Гуманітарні науки»

The Four Stages of Cruelty 
 
Other prints were his outcry against inhumanity in 
The Four Stages of 
Cruelty
 (published 21 February 1751). Hogarth depicts the cruel treatment of 
animals, and suggests what will happen to people who carry on in this 
manner. In the first picture there are scenes of torture of dogs, cats and other 
animals. The second shows one of the characters from the first painting, Tom 
Nero, has now become a coach driver, and his cruelty to his horse has caused 
it to break its leg. In the third painting Tom is shown as a murderer, with the 
woman he killed lying on the ground, while in the fourth, titled 
Reward of 
Cruelty
, the murderer is shown being dissected by surgeons after his 
execution. The method of execution, and the dissection, reflect the 1752 Act 
of Parliament. This allowed the public dissection of criminals who had been 
executed for murder. 
Hogarth wished to stop "that barbarous (mean) treatment of animals, 
the 
very 
sight 
of 
which 
renders 
[makes] 
the 
streets 
of 
our metropolisso distressing to every feeling mind". 
Humours of an Election
The Humours of an Election
is a series of four oil paintings and 
later engravings by Hogarth. They show what went on in the 1754 election of 
a Member of Parliament. The oil paintings were created in 1755. 
At this time each constituency elected two MPs, and there was a property 
qualification for voters, so only a minority of the male population was 
enfranchised. There was no secret ballot, so bribery and threats were used to 
raise votes. 
The originals are held by Sir John Soane's Museum, London. 
Hogarth was also a popular portrait painter. In 1746 he painted 
actor David Garrick as Richard III. He was paid £200, “which was more,” he 
wrote, “than any English artist ever received for a single portrait”. In the same 

181 
year a sketch of Simon Fraser, 11th Lord Lovat, afterwards beheaded on 
Tower Hill, had an exceptional success. 
Hogarth's portrait of his friend, the philanthropic Captain Coram (1740; 
Thomas Coram Foundation for Children, now Foundling Museum), and his 
unfinished oil sketch of 
The Shrimp Girl
(National Gallery, London) are 
highly regarded.
There are also portraits of his wife and his two sisters and of 
many others. 

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