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There was a special practice of assisting graduates in higher educational institutions of Japan with
employment, based on a clear interaction of universities, enterprises and intermediary firms. The
organizational structure of the universities includes career centers. All first-year students are required to
register and attend a two-year cycle of seminars on employment [5]. The search for work for those entering
the organization, adhering to the lifelong hiring system, is rigidly standardized (both in sequence of procedures
and in terms of terms). By the beginning of the third year, students should post resume on job search sites. In
the future, the employment functions from the career center are transferred to leading recruiting companies
that organize meetings of employers and students in the format «Fair of Enterprise Presentations». Students
are entitled to apply directly to the employer-essay once a year. During the next three months, the employer
conducts a selection, including an exam and a series of interviews.
In June, graduates receive an oral notification of the results of the selection, and on the first of October - a
written notification of enrollment. The main purpose of the career center of the university is to prepare the
student for a competitive struggle for the «best» employer. Students are initially informed about the need to
get a job, as only graduates of one year participate in the competition. In the future, the chance of a good job
is significantly reduced. Therefore, the work on preparation for the exam and interview is conducted from the
first year under the guidance and supervision of university specialists. It is possible to single out both
advantages and disadvantages of the Japanese practice of employment and the consequences of its
implementation. We focus attention on the role and activities of the university in the formation of job search
competencies, interviewing and the psychological preparation of the graduate to change their status.
For Russian undergraduates, the simultaneous graduation of an institution and the beginning of work is also
characteristic. More than 80% of the graduates who defend the diploma, are employed or have preliminary
agreements with the employer. The effect of intermediary structures of higher educational institutions –
employment centers in the formation of labor relations with the employer is minimal (author's research data):
only one in ten graduates applied to university employment centers or used other channels with the
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