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The main task of any enterprise in a market economy is to meet the demand for certain types of goods and
services. To ensure the normal course of this process, it is necessary, first of all, to finance the costs of
production, in accordance with the planned rates of economic growth of GDP.
If the finances of the country no problems, then use them effectively iem, organization and management of
production processes it there are huge problems. The reason for generating these problems is the low
qualification of managers implementing projects of the state's industrial policy and the absence of scientifically
based approaches to the formation of their financing.
When deciding on the implementation of an innovative project, it is necessary to first determine the two
most important issues:
a) the profit from the implementation of the project should be significantly higher than the cost of its
implementation;
b) the output to the designed capacity of the enterprise should occur when the demand for products is on
the elastic part of the demand curve, and preferably as far as possible from the point of individual elasticity.
Before formulating and searching for answers to these questions at the state level, an effective economic
policy must be formed. Industrial policy is its main component and, from its implementation, the level of
economic growth that is embedded in the economic policy of the state depends.
Based on the above control industrial projects converted into a task requiring the use of special tools th
analysis and planning. One of such tools are methods of mathematical modeling. The main argument for the
need to apply methods of mathematical modeling is the fact that mankind has no experience of transition from
the socialist mode of production to the market mode of production.
The evolution of the formation of market relations and the formation of the structure of the state in the post-
Soviet countries, in the opinion of the authors of the article, has its own specific features. If in a developed
market economy the basis of society, which is the basis and the primary cause of all processes occurring in
society, is law and legality, and the superstructure is the aggregate of the institutions of society serving the
realization of the plans of a limited number of people, the economy, and in developing market economies these
categories that form economic structure of the country, exchanged places.
The economic-mathematical model is a mathematical model of a process (object) that reflects its economic
characteristics and is designed to study the economic aspects of its functioning.
Objects of modeling can be either a real economic system, or one or several flowing in the system. To build
a model, you need not simply specify the names of the object, but give its description in the form of a system,
a system, i.e. determine its boundaries of interaction with the external environment, its structure. Masks that
reflect the same object from different points of view should be considered different.
The functioning of production and economic systems is systemic and purposeful. Consequently, the
production process can be represented as a system with an output and an input that transforms input materials
(resources, labor) into the final result of the process (production). In such a situation, the state of the system is
determined by the set of conditions and means that ensure the course of the process.
One of the main methodological principles of system analysis of processes consists in a more adequate
definition of the inputs, outputs and states of each of the studied processes and the determination of the scheme
of their interaction.
To reflect the connection between the output, the input and the state of the process using the model, the
concept of an automaton is used.
The mathematical model of a production system is called an
automaton
if it includes: the set U is the set of
possible input impacts (labor, capital, technology, etc.), the set Y is the set of possible outputs of the system
(output), and the set X is the set of states system at the moment. Furthermore, two display set: transient mapping
ψ:
X → Y. Each moment of the discrete time t corresponds to the input action
u
(
t
) € U , the state
x
(
t
)
€
X
and
the output
y
(
t
) € Y, and the transition from the instant t to the instant
t
+1 is given by the maps
φ
and
ψ
: (
t
+
1) =
φ
(
x
(
t
),
u
(
t
)),
y
(
t
+ 1)
=
ψ
(
x
(
t
+ 1)).
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