Источники и литература
1)
Digital around the world 2020 [Электронный ресурс] URL: https://
www.web-canape.ru/business/internet-2020-globalnaya-statisti»a-i-tre
ndy/
2)
Керимов А. А., Попцов Д. А. Имидж политического лидера в эпоху
цифровых медиа-технологий: особенности формирования // Изве-
стия Саратовского университета. Новая серия. Серия: Социология.
Политология. 2020. Т. 20, вып. 3. С. 366-370
673
Потапчук Владимир Адамович
Московский государственный университет им. М.В.Ломоносова,
Москва Россия
Mass culture, mass information and transformation of the global
media space
The media have transformed into a system whose activities are
provided by a complex infrastructure: informational, technical, technological,
organizational, etc. The media are active participants and creators of mass
information flows. Mass information is actualized in information flows only
under the following conditions: its availability for the masses, simplicity
of form, convenient consumption regime, low cost, transparency for all
visitors, stability, persistent and regular functioning. Mass information is
the determining factor in the formation of the modern mass culture.
Its sociocultural role will only increase as humanity moves toward the
information networ» society, in which the most individualized varieties of
this information will provide the subject of virtual culture with the “integral
model of the present” (seen as “the foundation of world awareness” and the
sample for perceiving all other data).
One of the most interesting and productive approaches to mass
culture regards it as a kind of organization of everyday consciousness in
the information society, a special sign system or a special language due to
which information society members reach mutual understanding. According
to this approach, mass culture acts as a lin» between the highly-specialized
postindustrial society and the person who is integrated into it only as a
“partial” person. Communication between “partial” people, narrow specialists,
is carried out at the level of a “mass person”, i.e. in the averaged, generally
understandable language used by mass culture.
An integral part of mass culture is mass literature. Modern mass
literature is not only published in huge numbers of copies, but also effectively
distributed and promoted through the Internet: “The Lord of the Rings”,
“Harry Potter”, etc. As for Russian books, a good example is “Marusya” by
Polina Voloshina from the literary series “Ethnogenesis”.
Nevertheless, it should be noted that “Ethnogenesis” is not only books.
Today it is also an exciting audio series with original soundtracks,
multifunctional applications for iPhone, iPad and Android, huge communities
in social networking services, a video blog, souvenir production ... and, of
course, a million of fans supporting one of the most successful Russian literary
projects.
“Seriality” (serial character) is a feature of modern mass literature
674
related to the socio-psychological characteristics of its genres’ existence. Each
project is a complex which consists of different structural elements built into
a certain sequence - a series of performative declarations that support, repeat,
summarize or “exfoliate” one another, all of them feeding on mirror images.
The series is not only a collection of duplicate copies-identities, but also a
prevailing thread, a pivot for a content, which is diverse in its “constitutive”
and “structural phenomenological” parameters.
It is important to note that the characteristic feature of the post-
industrial period is the online production of not only printed but also visual
products. Fiction becomes a part of the “transmedian” narrative: the printed
text is screened, converted into the visual one. As for book series, they most
often become TV series while visual wor»s turn into novels. Both formats may
be transformed into verbal-visual genres - comic books or computer games.
Along with the development of mass culture, the “yellow press” is
developing. “Yellow Press” (or the tabloid press) is a colloquial term meaning
commercial media, affordable and specializing in rumors, sensations (often
imaginary), scandals and gossip. Coverage of scandals, crimes, violence
begins to dominate the pages of “yellow” newspapers. Information proposed
by such editions is not spiritual and practical knowledge, but an entertaining
product. Ubiquitous hedonism turns “yellow” media into a supplier of
infotainment (and its constituent - polytainment), which causes numerous
deviations from the canons of truth, seriousness and responsibility in the
world mass media.
Considering its orientation to society, mass information has the
widest possible target audience. Therefore, this information should satisfy the
society’s need for facts and interpretations that would help it to understand
some subjectively or objectively significant issues. We live in an era when the
value of data, images and ideologies exceeds the value of material acquisitions
and physical space. Gone are the days when a person’s social status was
measured by the distance he/she had to cover to see the smo»e of a neighbor’s
campfire. In the end, we reached our limits; we saw the Earth from space.
The faith in the boundlessness of the conquered territories is destroyed
forever. Free spaces do not exist, there is nothing more to colonize. The
only environment in which our civilization can still expand, our only real
frontier is the air, the media. Today a person’s power is determined not by
the amount of property, but by how many news pages or prime-time minutes
on television he/she may have.
675
Достарыңызбен бөлісу: |