Турмаханова надира
Features of the introduction of new lexical units at the advanced stage of training
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1 ПЕДАГОГИКА, МЕТОДИКА, ПСИХОЛОГИЯ
| Features of the introduction of new lexical units at the advanced stage of training
The advanced stage of learning a foreign language has its own characteristics. By its beginning, a significant vocabulary has already been accumulated, communicative needs grow to free reading and discussion in a foreign language of the press and fiction, which become the main material of educational work. To the tasks of training is added the formation of the ability of translation, which is rightfully sometimes called the fifth type of speech activity.First of all, the peculiarity of the advanced stage of learning lies in the attitude to the word as a multi - component unit, firstly, denoting the concept, secondly, having meaning and, thirdly, bearing a certain meaning depending on the context. Therefore, at an advanced stage, when presenting a lexical unit (including due to the quality of the unit itself – abstractness, limited compatibility, a significant cultural component), more attention is paid to the inner meaning of the word, its connotation, word - formation potential, synonymic, antonymic and hyponymic series, and in English – especially polysemy and homonymy (record – record, record; weather (weather) and whether (whether)). Thus, the vocabulary is brought into the system, grouped not only by thematic blocks, but also on the basis of semantic relations, word - formation nests, associative - semantic and functional - semantic fields. At the same time, when introducing units, thanks to the accumulated dictionary, foreign – language methods of semantics can already be used - explanation in a foreign language, finding a foreign - language synonym, antonyms, presentation through context. V. S.Tsetlin writes about the difficulties of using vocabulary at an advanced stage: "Having learned a new foreign word, the equivalent of a native one, one should be very careful with its use: behind the word is a concept, behind the concept is an object or phenomenon of the reality of the world, and this is the world of another country, foreign, alien, alien" [6]. At an advanced stage of learning, the interfering influence of the native language appears, which can be overcome or weakened by explaining the similarities and differences in the use of words in both languages: (handsome – "beautiful" only about a man).Since a complex translation skill is formed at an advanced stage, in addition to improving lexical skills of word formation and word usage, the skill of linguistic forecasting is developed in understanding unexplored vocabulary based on word formation and without it. I.S.Yakimanskaya emphasizes “the linguistic forecasting exercises can consist not only in filling in gaps, but also in consecutive translation of a text with unfamiliar words by ear.The work on the systematization of vocabulary and the focus on translation activities also lead to the fact that, if at the initial and middle stages the student's vocabulary mainly consists of active vocabulary, then at the advanced stage the ratio of types of dictionaries changes significantly – passive and potential dictionaries accumulate intensively”[7]. Thus, the goals and capabilities of each of the stages of language learning determine the specifics of working with the lexical component of speech. Taking this into account allows you to build work on the word rationally, feasible and effective. Teaching vocabulary at various stages cannot but differ in the depth of understanding of a word (as a multicomponent unit, a unit of a certain style, a unit whose meaning depends on the context, etc.) and tasks (intensive expansion of vocabulary, systematization of vocabulary, etc.). Each of the stages of learning has its own difficulties: at the middle stage there is a 104 problem of memorizing the word, at the advanced stage - the use of its usage. During the work on the vocabulary, the educational material changes (from adapted to original, from neutral to texts of a certain functional style), working methods change (from Russian - speaking to foreign - speaking), the volume of vocabulary grows and a selective approach to it appears (both active, potential and passive). жүктеу/скачать 9,16 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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