«Балтасап негізгі мектебі» коммуналдық мемлекеттік мекемесі

TEST YOURSELF

1. Choose the right variant:

Why didn‟t you help him? You ____ have done it.

1. 
   must d) were to
   
2. 
   can e) was able to
   
3. 
   could
   

But I ____ stay in England for six month, and not for a fortnight as I had planned.

1. 
   had to d) shall have
   
2. 
   can e) am able to
   
3. 
   can
   

Last week I ____ go to town on business trip as the Ministry of Education had asked me to come.

1. 
   had to d) could
   
2. 
   might e) was able to
   
3. 
   should
   

If one person is careless with a library book, then it ____ be read others.

1. 
   can‟t d) can
   
2. 
   couldn‟t e) mightn‟t
   
3. 
   may
   

People who knows a foreign language ____ learn a second one easily.

1. 
   may d) must
   
2. 
   had to e) am able to
   
3. 
   have to
   

_____ I have a word with you, please?

1. 
   may d) must
   
2. 
   had to e) am able to
   
3. 
   have to
   

7. Choose the right variant:

At first I _____ skate well, I _____ .

1. 
   couldn‟t / can d) may / can
   
2. 
   mustn‟t / can e) should / shouldn‟t
   
3. 
   must / needn‟t
   

She said they ___ go to the cinema if they liked.

1. 
   must d) had to
   
2. 
   may e) could
   
3. 
   can
   

I didn‟t want to go there but I _____ .

1. 
   must d) can‟t
   
2. 
   might e) had to
   
3. 
   shall
   

1. You … take care of your parents.

1. 
   Will d) Are to
   
2. 
   Shall e) May
   
3. 
   Ought to
   

1. 
   Ought d) Won‟t be able to
   
2. 
   Can not e) Mustn‟t
   
3. 
   May not
   

1. 
   Might have … helped d) Must
   
2. 
   Could… help e) May
   
3. 
   May … help
   

1. 
   Can d) Must
   
2. 
   Could e) Have to
   

14. The real history of the period between 1688 and the middle of the eighteenth century … … summed up in three words.

1. 
   Need be d) Has to be
   
2. 
   Will be able to be e) Have to be
   
3. 
   Can be
   

1. 
   Has … been able to d) Has … been allowed
   
2. 
   Have … been able to to
   
3. 
   Might … have e) Must … have
   

Since we have to be there before 9 o‟clock, we … take a taxi.

Otherwise, we‟ll be late.

1. 
   Must d) Are able to
   
2. 
   May e) Had better
   
3. 
   Can
   

You … take any book you like

1. 
   May d) Should
   
2. 
   Must e) Can
   
3. 
   Have to
   

Nobody is making you do this. You … go to the party if you don‟t want to.

1. 
   Is not able to d) Coudn‟t
   
2. 
   Are not able to e) Needn‟t
   
3. 
   Can‟t
   

… you pass me the salt, please?

1. 
   Should d) Had to
   
2. 
   Must e) Can
   
3. 
   May
   

My grandfather was a very clever man. He … speak five languages.

1. 
   Ought d) Is able to
   
2. 
   Can e) Might
   
3. 
   Could
   

He lived in England for some time but he … speak English.

1. 
   Mustn‟t d) Has to
   
2. 
   Can‟t e) Ought
   
3. 
   May
   

I‟m afraid you will … wait for a long time.

1. 
   Ought d) Can
   
2. 
   Must e) Have to
   
3. 
   May
   

Like any top sportsman she ______ to train very hard.

1. 
   May d) Must
   
2. 
   Can e) Has
   
3. 
   Should
   

1. 
   Must d) Might
   
2. 
   Could e) Had to
   
3. 
   Will have to
   

We had an appointment yesterday afternoon but he ____ see me.

1. 
   might not d) have to
   
2. 
   mustn‟t e) wasn‟t able to
   
3. 
   cannot
   

UNIT IX

VOICE - ЕТІС

Ағылшын тілінде екі етіс бар: ӛздік етіс (Active Voice) және ырықсыз етіс (Passive Voice). Егер бастауыш іс-әрекетте жасаушы қызметін атқаратын болса, онда етістік өздік етіс тҥрінде қолданылады.

Егер бастауыш басқа біреудің немесе нәрсенің тарапынан іске асырылып жатса, етістік ырықсыз етіс тҥрінде қолданылады.

Rolls Royce cars are made in England

Ырықсыз етіс біреудің немесе заттың басқа біреумен немесе заттың тарапынан әсер етіліп жатқанын білдіру ҥшін қолданылады. Сонымен қатар ырықсыз етіс іс-әрекеттің ӛзі маңызды екенін кӛрсетеді.

Сӛйлемді ырықсыз етіске айналдыру ҥшін сӛйлемде толықтауыш болу керк.

Active:

Subject verb object

My grandfather built this house

Passive:

Subject verb object

This house was built by my grandmother

Ырықсыз етіс шақтары ӛздік етіс шақтарының ережелеріне сәйкес ӛзгертіледі.

Voice	Active	Passive
Present Simple	She writes the reports.	Am/is/are+Past Participle (3rd form of the verb) The reports are written.
Present Continuous	She is writing the reports	Am/is/are+ing+past Participle The reports are being written.
Past Simple	She wrote the reports.	Was/were + Past Participle The reports were written.
Past Continuous	She was writing the reports.	Was/were +ing+ Past Participle
		The reports were being written.
Present Perfect	She has written the reports.	Have/has + been + past participle The reports had been written.
Past Perfect	She had written the reports.	Had + been + Past Participle The reports had been written.
Future Simple	She will write the reports.	Will+be+ Past Participle The reports will be written.
Future Perfect Simple	She will have written the reports.	Will+have+been+ Past Participle The reports will have been written.
Modal verbs	She may write the reports. She should have written the reports.	Modal verbs + be + Past Participle The reports may be written. The reports should have been written.
Be going to	She is going to write the reports.	Is/are going to+be+ Past Participle The reports are going to be written.

Present Perfect Continuous, Past Perfect Continuous, Future Continuous, Future Perfect Continuous шақтары ырықсыз етісте (пассивте) қолданылмайды.

Wrong sentence: The restaurant has been being built for 4 years.

Right sentence: The restaurant has been under construction for 4 years.

Active: A friend gave my sister this cookery book.

Passive: My sister was given this cookery book by a friend. This cookery book was given to my sister by a friend.

“Have something done” конструкциясы

“Have something done” конструкциясында іс-әрекет айтушыға қатысты, бірақ ол іс-әрекетті ӛзі емес басқа адамның тарапынан жасалғандығы кӛрсетіледі.

Have + object + Past Participle

Aibek	has	the roof	repaired
We	are having	the house	painted
Where	did you have	your hair	cut?
Nurlan	has	his suits	cleaned?

► It + passive verb + clause

Сӛйлеушінің кім екенін керек етпеген жағдайда осы констуркцияны қолданады.

Nurzhan works very hard.

It is said that he works 16 hours a day = He is said to work 16 hours a day.

The police are looking for a missing boy.

It is believed that the boy is wearing a black pullover and blue jeans.

The boy is believed to be wearing a black pullover and blue jeans.

► Ырықсыз етісте қолданылмайтын етістіктер.

Кейбір етістіктер ырықсыз етісте қолдынылмайды. Оларға: - die, arrive, fit, have, lack, suit, resemble, agree және басқалар жатады.

For example:

They have a nice house. (But not: A nice house is had them).

My shoes don‟t fit me. (But not: I‟m not fitted by my shoes.

Everybody agreed with me. (But not: I was agreed by everybody.)

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