Modern achievements in the breeding of cereals. Methods of chromosome engineering of wheat. Problems of hetero-, poly- and aneuploidy of plants.
Chromosomal abnormalities on the example of plants and, in particular, cereals. Development of the
nomenclature of chromosomes. The discovery, study, and use of aneuploids. Methods for creating a series
of aneuploid lines of soft wheat. Schemes for producing aneuploids.
The structure and properties of chromosomes. Chromosomal rearrangements. Comparative analysis of prokaryotic and eukaryotic chromosomes and
their properties.
Euchromatin and heterochromatic regions of chromosomes. Chromosomal additions.
Interphase cytogenetics methods.
The use of mutations in genetic analysis. Endogenous and exogenous sources of mutations. Gene, chromosomal and genomic mutations, their
classification, and examples of diseases associated with the occurrence of mutations. Mobile elements as
a source of mutations. Induced and spontaneous mutagenesis.
Methods for localizing genes in chromosomes. Identification of localized genes. Linkage analysis and gene mapping. Genetic mapping methods.
Methods for reconstructing the wheat genome.
Inter-varietal chromosome substitution. Scheme of obtaining lines with inter- varietal chromosome
substitution. Substitution of a chromosome involved in reciprocal translocation in wheat. Genomic
analysis of soft wheat.
Methods used in genetic analysis of bacteria and bacteriophages Clonal analysis. Selective media method. Fingerprint method
Genetic bioinformatics. Genosystematics. Genetic collections. The relationship between molecular genetics and bioinformatics. Conservation of biodiversity in situ and
ex situ. Test forms and line analyzers. Banks of cell cultures. Gene banks. 3D bioprinting. DNA markers
in taxonomic research. DNA barcoding methodology
